Fe2O3 hollow fibers have been fabricated by direct annealing electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/Fe(NO3)3 composite nanofibers. In this approach, composite fibers were firstly synthesized by electrospinning PVP/Fe(NO3)3 solution, and then calcined at high temperature with an appropriate heating rate to form hollow Fe2O3 fibers. The solvent composition, the addition amount of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and PVP, and the heating rate have important influences on the morphologies of Fe 2O3 fibers. Morphologies of Fe2O3 could be tuned from solid belt to holl...