作者机构:
[Jiang, Xuewei; Zhang, Wei; Deng, Xiang; Xiao, Zhangchi; Gu, Zimeng; Liu, Jun] School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Luo, Xiaoming; Liu, Jun] Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Centre for Condiment Fermentation, Changsha 410600, China;[Luo, Xiaoming] School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Song, Chunxiang] Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Centre for Condiment Fermentation, Changsha 410600, China;[Jiang, Xuewei] Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Centre for Condiment Fermentation, Changsha 410600, China. Electronic address: xwjiang@csust.edu.cn
通讯机构:
[Jiang, Xuewei] H;Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Centre for Condiment Fermentation, Changsha 410600, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
Staphylococcus is the dominant genus in the fermentation process of soy sauce, but its effect on the flavor of soy sauce has not been clearly established. In order to investigate the role of this genus in soy sauce fermentation, individual fermentation with Staphylococcus spp. screened from the moromi and their co-fermentation with an ester-producing yeast of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii were designed. Through the analysis of physicochemical properties, organic acid composition, volatile flavor compounds (VFCs) and sensory characteristics during fermentation, Staphylococcus was confirmed as a contributor to the acidity, ester aroma and alcohol aroma of soy sauce. In their co-fermentation with yeast, the ester aroma of soy sauce was further enhanced. Moreover, pathway enrichment analysis and network construction of key VFCs also revealed potential metabolic networks for formation of characteristic flavor compounds in co-fermentation. This work will help optimize the fermentation functional microbiota to obtain better soy sauce flavor.
期刊:
Journal of environmental management,2024年349:119510
通讯作者:
Peng, Yazhou;Zhang, Wei
作者机构:
[Zhou, Saijun; Xiao, Xiang; Yang, Xiuzhen; Zhu, Guocheng] College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China;[Peng, Yazhou] College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China. Electronic address: asia.p@foxmail.com;[Zhang, Wei] School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, China. Electronic address: qzwl11@163.com;[Zhang, Zhi] Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China;[Ren, Bozhi] School of Earth Sciences and Spatial Information Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, Hunan, China
通讯机构:
[Zhang, Wei] S;[Peng, Yazhou] C;College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China. Electronic address: asia.;School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
In recent years, frequent occurrences of algal blooms due to environmental changes have posed significant threats to the environment and human health. This paper analyzes the reasons of algal bloom from the perspective of environmental factors such as nutrients, temperature, light, hydrodynamics factors and others. Various commonly used algal bloom monitoring methods are discussed, including traditional field monitoring methods, remote sensing techniques, molecular biology-based monitoring techniques, and sensor-based real-time monitoring techniques. The advantages and limitations of each method are summarized. Existing algal bloom prediction models, including traditional models and machine learning (ML) models, are introduced. Support Vector Machine (SVM), deep learning (DL), and other ML models are discussed in detail, along with their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the future development of algal bloom warning techniques, proposing to combine various monitoring methods and prediction models to establish a multi-level and multi-perspective algal bloom monitoring system, further improving the accuracy and timeliness of early warning, and providing more effective safeguards for environmental protection and human health.
期刊:
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,2024年653(Pt B):1455-1463 ISSN:0021-9797
通讯作者:
Ding, Mei;Sun, Qilong
作者机构:
[He, Xinyan; Zhong, Fangfang; Li, Liangyu; Jia, Chuankun; Fu, Hu; Ding, Mei; Yan, Su] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[He, Xinyan; Zhong, Fangfang; Li, Liangyu; Jia, Chuankun; Fu, Hu; Yan, Su] Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Cao, Jinchao; Sun, Qilong] Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou 256606, China;[Ding, Mei] Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China. Electronic address: dingmei@csust.edu.cn;[Sun, Qilong] Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China. Electronic address: sunqilong@cigit.ac.cn
通讯机构:
[Sun, Qilong] C;[Ding, Mei] I;Institute of Energy Storage Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China. Electronic address:;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are promising energy storage systems with the potential to bridge the gap between intermittent renewable electricity generation and continuous supply of reliable electricity. The electrodes found in VRFB cells affect their energy efficiency (EE) and power density. It is important to fabricate electrodes with intriguing properties to enable VRFBs to have high performance. Herein, the abundant and cost-effective lignin is employed as the precursor to produce amorphous carbon particles after undergoing thermal decomposition treatment. The carbon particles cover the surface of carbon felt (CF). The resulting CF modified by lignin-derived carbon particles (Lignin-CF) with increased active sites and improved hydrophilicity displays superior electrochemical activity towards the VO(2)(+)/VO(2+) pair than both the pristine CF and the heated bare CF. Remarkably, the VRFB consisting of Lignin-CF which acts as the positive electrode shows high performance in terms of the average EE (83.3%) and average voltage efficiency (VE) (85.0%) over 1000 cycles (long cycling life) for more than 16days at 100mAcm(-2), and high power density of 1053.2 mW cm(-2). It is noted that the EE and VE are comparable to the highest reported value of CF modified by carbon-based materials, aside having evidently longer cycling life. This study provides a feasible strategy for fabricating an affordable electrode for high-performance VRFBs.
摘要:
This study investigated the cryoprotective mechanism of ultrafiltration membrane-separated fractions (>10kDa, UF-1; 3-10kDa, UF-2; and <3kDa, UF-3) derived from silver carp hydrolysates on frozen surimi. The surimi gel incorporating UF-3 exhibited a compact, continuous structure with uniform pores, even after undergoing six freeze-thaw (F-T) cycle, with the minimal reduction in entrapped water (from 95.1 % to 91.1 %) and least increase in free water (from 4.5 % to 6.6 %) as revealed by SEM and LF-NMR analysis. Through molecular docking analysis, three major peptides in UF-3 were identified to form robust interactions with the myosin head pocket, facilitated by hydrogen bonds, electrostatic forces, and hydrophobic interactions. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the three peptides effectively prevented myosin from unfolding and aggregating by tightly binding to basic amino acids (Arg, Lys) and hydrophobic amino acids (Phe, Leu, Ile, Met, and Val) residues in the myosin head pocket, primarily governed by electrostatic energies (-156.95, -321.38, and -267.53kcal/mol, respectively) and van der Waals energies (-395.05, -347.46, and -319.16kcal/mol, respectively). Notably, the key action site was identified as Lys599 on myosin. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic hotspot residues of the peptides worked synergistically to stabilize the myosin structure in frozen surimi.
通讯作者:
Xiang, Xiaole;Geng, Fang;Luo, Peng;Huang, Qun;Zhou, Yan
作者机构:
[Wu, Yongyan; Huang, Qun; Li, Xiefei; Li, Xin] School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China;[Wu, Yongyan; Huang, Qun] College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China;[Xiang, Xiaole] School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address: xiangxiaole@csust.edu.cn;[An, Fengping] College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China;[Geng, Fang] Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China. Electronic address: gengfang@cdu.edu.cn
通讯机构:
[Xiang, Xiaole; Luo, Peng; Zhou, Yan] S;[Huang, Qun; Geng, Fang] I;School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China. Electronic address:;Institute for Egg Science and Technology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China. Electronic address:;School of Public Health, Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Health Food Innovative Manufacturing, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China. Electronic address:
摘要:
The dry separate curing of duck egg yolks was carried out by ultrasonic synergize NaCl (sodium chloride) and NaCl alone. The mechanism of the amelioration of salted egg yolk quality by ultrasonic synergistic NaCl dry-curing was studied. The quality variations of the salted egg yolks were analyzed for the same curing time and NaCl content achieved by ultrasonic synergistic NaCl curing and NaCl curing alone. The results showed that under the same salting time, the NaCl content, oil exudation and chewiness of U48-SEY (ultrasonic for 48h-salted egg yolk) were higher than those in SEY (salted egg yolk). At the same NaCl content, the oil exudation and chewiness of U44-SEY (ultrasonic for 44h-salted egg yolk) were still significantly increased. Compared to SEY, the soluble protein content and H(0) of U44-SEY and U48-SEY were augmented. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the polyhedral particles in the salted egg yolks prepared by ultrasonic synergistic NaCl dry-curing were closely aligned and evenly distributed, and the salted egg yolks were sandier. Structural analysis revealed that the secondary and tertiary structures of egg yolk protein were changed although the ultrasonic synergistic NaCl dry-curing did not cause the fragmentation or aggregation of the peptide chain structure. The above results suggested that ultrasonic not only perfected the quality of salted egg yolk by promoting NaCl penetration, but also modified the structures of egg yolk protein by the action of ultrasonic itself, which prominently improved the quality of salted egg yolks.
摘要:
Morphing attacks (MAs) pose a substantial security threat to the Automatic Border Control (ABC) system. While a few morphing attack detection (MAD) methods have been proposed, the face morphing accomplice's facial restoration has not received sufficient attention. Due to the inability to foresee the morphing factor used for a particular morphed image, selecting the appropriate de-morphing factor becomes a challenging problem in the restoration of the accomplice's facial image. If the morphing factor cannot be chosen reasonably, achieving the desired restoration effect is difficult. Therefore, this paper presents an adaptive de-morphing factor framework (ADFF) architecture for restoring the accomplice's facial image. By exploiting the morphed images stored in the electronic passport system and the real-time captured criminal's images, ADFF can effectively restore the accomplice's facial image. Experimental results and analysis show that ADFF can significantly reduce the security threats of MAs on ABC. Here, an adaptive de-morphing factor framework (ADFF) is proposed to restore the accomplice's facial image. A pioneering de-morphing factor prediction network is proposed, which can better handle the variations in the degree of morphing across different images, to improve the quality of restored accomplice's facial images.image
摘要:
Abstract The media plays an important role in detecting corporate financial fraud. However, little systematic research exists on the impact of media reports on corporate fraud detection; thus, our understanding of the impact is limited. Therefore, we are committed to determining how the configuration of different media report content systematically detects corporate fraud by logistical regression, grounded theory and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). First, the media reports are classified into three major categories and 35 subclasses to determine their features through fraud triangle theory and grounded theory. Then, based on a dataset of 110 fraudulent listed companies and 110 matched listed companies from 2010 to 2020, three major features comprising 10 subclasses are identified by the logistical regression method. The causal configurations of the features of media reports that detect corporate fraud are explored using the QCA method. The results show that five particular associations can interpret corporate fraud revelation by meeting the equifinality and asymmetric causality principles. Finally, the combined model is proposed. Through 56 fraudulent listed companies and 56 matched listed companies from 2021 to 2022, the combined model is proven to be most effective in detecting corporate fraud. In summary, we offer theoretical contributions to corporate fraud detection and empirical experiences for corporate managers and regulators.
作者机构:
[Tang, Yu; Huang, Zhi-Yong; Wang, Wei; Huang, Ya-Lan; Liu, Qi; Zhang, Bing-Hao; Ren, Jin-Can; Wang, Xing-Yu; Chen, Bo-Wen] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.;[Lan, Si; Liu, Qi; He, Zhang-Long; He, Hao] City Univ Hong Kong, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China.;[He, Hao; He, Zhang-Long] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
通讯机构:
[Liu, Q ; Liu, Q; He, H ] C;City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.;City Univ Hong Kong, Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China.
关键词:
Lithium-ion batteries;Ni fraction;Extreme fast charging;Structural evolution
摘要:
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with extreme fast charging (XFC) capability are considered an effective way to alleviate range anxiety for electric vehicle (EV) buyers. Owing to the high ionic and electronic conductivity of LiNixCoyMnzO2 (x + y + z = 1, NCM) cathodes, the inevitable Li plating of graphite in NCM | graphite cell is usually identified as a key bottleneck for XFC LIBs. However, the capacity decay mechanism of cathode materials under XFC has not been fully investigated. In this work, three typical NCM cathode materials with different Ni fractions were chosen and their electrochemical performances under XFC associated with structural evolution were investigated. A faster capacity decay of NCMs under XFC conditions is observed, especially for Ni-rich NCMs. In-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals that the multiple c-axis parameters appear at the high-voltage regions in Ni-rich NCMs, which is probably triggered by the larger obstruction of Li (de)intercalation. Particularly, NCMs with moderate Ni fraction also present a similar trend under XFC conditions. This phenomenon is more detrimental to the structural and morphological stability, resulting in a faster capacity decay than that under low current charging. This work provides new insight into the degradation mechanism of NCMs under XFC conditions, which can promote the development of NCM cathode materials with XFC capability.
期刊:
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2024年:1-1 ISSN:0196-2892
作者机构:
[Xudong Kang] School of Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha, China;[Shuo Zhang; Shutao Li] College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China;[Yan Mo] College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
摘要:
Hyperspectral images have been widely used for target detection due to their abundant spatial and spectral information. In this paper, a shadow-insensitive hyperspectral target detection framework based on exposure fusion is proposed, which consists of the following major steps. First, the input hyperspectral image is divided into two parts, namely the shadow region and the non-shadow region. Second, total variation-based feature extraction and over-exposure operation are performed on the input image to produce two feature images, i.e., the original feature image and the over-exposure image. Third, a self-guided constrained energy minimization (SGCEM) detector is performed on the two feature images to detect the targets in shadow and non-shadow regions, respectively. Finally, the detection results obtained on the original feature image and the over-exposure image are fused to acquire the final detection result. Extensive experiments conducted on real-world data illustrate that the proposed method can achieve satisfactory results when shadow exists.
摘要:
In order to improve the flame-retardant performance of insulating paper and reduce the fire risk, hydroxyethyl diphosphate and dicyandiamide were used to modify starch to prepare a new starch-based flame retardant (SHPD). The combustion, mechanical, and electrical properties of SHPD treated flame-retardant insulating paper were investigated. The results showed that when the impregnation concentration of SHPD was 25.0%, the limiting oxygen index of the insulating paper was increased from 18.3% to 38.3% and reached the level of UL-94 V-0. The tensile index and burst index of the flame-retardant insulating papers were only 10.17% and 12.5% lower than that of the control insulating paper. The ring crush strength and alternating current breakdown strength in air of the flame-retardant insulating papers were 63.3% and 1.8% higher than that of the control insulating paper. The SHPD flame retardant has a good application prospect in insulating paper.
摘要:
It is believed that local activation is the origin of all complexities, and the locally active memristive synaptic neural network can generate complex chaotic dynamic behaviors, such as hyperchaotic, multi-scroll, multi-stability and hidden dynamical behaviors. However, there are few studies on the simultaneous occurrence of multiple complex dynamic behaviors in neural networks. No chaotic system of multi-scroll hyperchaotic hidden attractors based on neural network has been found yet. To solve the problem, in this paper, we propose a new locally active memristive Hopfield neural network (HNN) model based on a multi-segment function, which is affected by electromagnetic radiation and external current. The multi-scroll hyperchaotic hidden attractors are found in the memristive HNN for the first time. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results show that the memristive HNN model has no equilibrium point, and the number of multi-scroll attractors is controlled by the state equation parameters of the memristive synapse. In addition, the structures and number of scrolls are also affected by electromagnetic radiation and external current. At the same time, under the appropriate parameter conditions, by modifying the initial value of the system, the memristive HNN has a controllable number of coexisting attractors, showing extreme multi-stability. Finally, a memristive HNN analog circuit is designed. The hardware experiment results reproduce the multi-scroll dynamics phenomenon, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.
期刊:
IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine,2024年:1-1 ISSN:2168-2372
作者机构:
[Luo Q.; Chen S.; Gao K.; Yin L.; Du R.] School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Changsha University of Science &Technology, Changsha, China;[Bai M.] School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
关键词:
Biological system modeling;biomimetic model;Biomimetics;Computational modeling;Electromyography;Electromyography (EMG);force control;Muscles;neuromorphic computation;Neuromorphics;prosthetic control;Prosthetic hand
摘要:
Prosthetic hands are frequently rejected due to frustrations in daily uses. By adopting principles of human neuromuscular control, it could potentially achieve human-like compliance in hand functions, thereby improving functionality in prosthetic hand. Previous studies have confirmed the feasibility of real-time emulation of neuromuscular reflex for prosthetic control. This study further to explore the effect of feedforward electromyograph (EMG) decoding and proprioception on the biomimetic controller. The biomimetic controller included a feedforward Bayesian model for decoding alpha motor commands from stump EMG, a muscle model, and a closed-loop component with a model of muscle spindle modified with spiking afferents. Real-time control was enabled by neuromorphic hardware to accelerate evaluation of biologically inspired models. This allows us to investigate which aspects in the controller could benefit from biological properties for improvements on force control performance. 3 able-bodied and 3 amputee subjects were recruited to conduct a “press-without-break” task, subjects were required to press a transducer till the pressure stabilized in an expected range without breaking the virtual object. We tested whether introducing more complex but biomimetic models could enhance the task performance. Data showed that when replacing proportional feedback with the neuromorphic spindle, success rates of amputees increased by 12.2% and failures due to breakage decreased by 26.3%. More prominently, success rates increased by 55.5% and failures decreased by 79.3% when replacing a linear model of EMG with the Bayesian model in the feedforward EMG processing. Results suggest that mimicking biological properties in feedback and feedforward control may improve the manipulation of objects by amputees using prosthetic hands. Author
摘要:
This article offers a comparative investigation for Newtonian and non-Newtonian multiphase flows drifting through an inclined channel. A non-Newtonian Jeffrey fluid is used as the base fluid. However, Hafnium particles and crystal particles are considered to form two different kinds of two-phase suspensions. Each flow comes under the influence of an external and transversely applied magnetic force. The effects of gravitational force have also been taken into account which is the main source of the supercritical flow. Flow dynamics are modeled with the help of Navier-Stokes. A closed-form solution is achieved by invoking the analytical technique subject to, no-slip condition at the boundary of the channel. A detailed parametric study, regarding the contribution of pertinent variables, is carried out in the graphical section. Furthermore, the obtained analytical and visual results have been vetted numerically through different tables, as well. The findings reveal that non-Newtonian biphase flows are more significant than Newtonian biphase flows. Similarly, Jeffrey fluid is much suitable for multiphase flows and Hafnium particle suspension with Jeffrey fluid is much better than the one obtained by the crystal-Jeffrey suspension. Finally, Hafnium suspends well with non-Newtonian fluid. Such alloys are more suitable for mechanical purposes, particularly for nuclear reactors as coolants. In addition to this, no comparative analysis between Newtonian and non-Newtonian multiphase flows has so far been reported in the existing literature.
关键词:
Distribution network;Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV);Image segmentation;Improved weIghted meaN oF vectOrs (IINFO)
摘要:
Distribution grid network has problems such as long mileage, large scale, complex surrounding environment, and aging of equipment. It is the development trend of power distribution network operation and maintenance to use unmanned aerial vehicles to patrol and combine with image processing technology for intelligent detection of equipment status. Image segmentation is well-known technique for extracting defect regions of equipment from distribution network inspection images. Therefore, this paper proposes an efficient a novel multilevel thresholding segmentation method to improve the fault diagnosis process with an improved weighted mean of vectors optimization (IINFO) algorithm. The IINFO algorithm adopts various measures to improve the optimization results, including Gaussian mutation to increase the local search ability and range of the optimal individual, Cauchy mutation to enhance the global search ability of its vector individual, reflective learning operators to strengthen self-learning and avoid local optimal solutions, and parallel operation to improve the utilization of computational resources. Moreover, two-dimensional Kapur cross-entropy is used as an objective function to solve the multilevel thresholding problem. The proposed method is evaluated using benchmark functions and distribution network inspection image datasets and is compared with 12 other metaheuristic algorithms. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has better performance and a higher ability to find optimal solutions compared to the other algorithms. These findings suggest that our method may be useful in improving the accuracy and efficiency of distribution network inspections and have significant potential for practical applications.
作者:
Zhiwei Jia;Yuqi Huang;Yanhui Lin;Min Fu;Chenhao Sun
期刊:
IEEE Access,2024年:1-1 ISSN:2169-3536
作者机构:
[Zhiwei Jia; Yuqi Huang; Chenhao Sun] Department of Electronic Information, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China;[Min Fu] Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Dadao, Guangzhou, China;[Yanhui Lin] Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
关键词:
disease early prediction;bi-dimensional substratum information mining;ARDdtwo;high-risk low-frequency
摘要:
In complex data environments, rational handling of unbalanced datasets is key to improving the reliability of early disease prediction. Early warning of disease risk in both temporal and spatial terms, contributes to disease prevention and treatment. To this end, a bi-dimensional substratum information mining model based on Association Rule Digging with Dynamic Thresholding and Weight Optimization (ARDdtwo) was proposed for the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer. It is an integrated assessment framework consisting of association rule digging by constructing a dynamic threshold model (ADRcdt) for qualitative analysis, and a self-optimizing component importance measurement model (SoCIM) for quantitative analysis. ARDcdt incorporates temporal and spatial features of sparse data to address the distributional bias problem. Moreover, new importance diagnostic calculations were designed to further identify high-risk low-frequency (HRLF). The SoCIM can determine the relative weight of each component by assessing its level of risk in the overall system based on the Risk Enhancement Level (REL) and Risk Reduction Level (RRL), realizing the self-adjustment and optimization of the weight setting. Finally, the model was validated through an empirical analysis. The evaluation of the research work shows that improved results were achieved, such as accuracy, f1-score, and precision, with optimized values of 36.04%,56.57%, and 53.89%, respectively. The overall area under the curve for the model was 0.882. This proves the validity of the proposed model for practical applications. For patients, it can simplify the pathological process and reduce the examination costs.
摘要:
PurposeNanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is increasingly used to enhance the immobilization of cadmium (Cd) in paddy soil, but its application has limitations by various inherent disadvantages, such as easy passivation, agglomeration, and poor electron transfer. To overcome the drawback, biochar-supported sulfidized nZVI (S-nZVI/BC) was synthesized and added into Cd-contaminated paddy soil to investigate its immobilization performance and remediation mechanisms for Cd.Materials and methodsThe synthesized materials were characterized by various techniques such as SEM, TEM, XPS, and FTIR. Sequential extraction method was adopted to examine the chemical speciation of Cd. The diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Cd and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP)-leachable Cd were measured to evaluate the availability and leaching toxicity of Cd. The changes of soil properties and the reaction mechanism between Cd and S-nZVI/BC were also analyzed.Results and discussionSequential extraction procedure suggested that S-nZVI/BC was effective in transforming mobile Cd to stable speciation with the proportion of residual speciation increased by 32.04% after 49 days of treatment. The DTPA-extractable Cd content decreased from 2.14 to 0.42 mg & BULL;kg(-1), indicating the availability of Cd was significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the immobilization efficiency of TCLP-leachable Cd was increased by 53.70%, showing that S-nZVI/BC reduced the leaching toxicity and environmental risk of Cd. Also, it was found that the addition of S-nZVI/BC increased the soil pH, redox potential (Eh), and organic matter (OM), of which pH was the main factor influencing soil Cd mobility. Furthermore, characterization results of S-nZVI/BC after remediation clarified that the stabilization mechanism of Cd was mainly dominated by the adsorption, complexation, and precipitation of Cd2+ with BC and the iron oxide/hydroxide or FeSx shell of S-nZVI and secondary iron minerals (CdFe2O4).ConclusionOverall, S-nZVI/BC could be an effective material for the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil and alleviate the hazards likely posed to the environment. This work offers a new avenue for practical applications of nZVI-based materials in contamination remediation.