[Liu, Li; Du, Ronghua; Yi, Kefu; Gao, Kai] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Automot & Mech Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Du, Ronghua] Key Lab Safety Design & Reliabil Technol Engn Veh, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Li] Coll Hunan Prov, Key Lab Lightweight & Reliabil Technol Engn Vehic, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Qingying] Univ Tulsa, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.