作者机构：
[Han, Yanqun] School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, Hunan, PR China;[Peng, Xulong] School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, PR China
通讯机构：
[Xulong Peng] S;School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan, PR China
关键词：
Approximate temperature;Convective-radiative fin;Fin efficiency;Nonlinear heat transfer problem;Temperature-dependent thermal conductivity
摘要：
This article studies the thermal performance of a moving fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in a convective and radiative environment. It corresponds to a nonlinear heat transfer problem related to the nonlinear ordinary differential equation (NODE) for the unknown temperature excess. The NODE is solved by converting it to a nonlinear Fredholm integral equation. An approximate temperature distribution is determined in the quadratic form for arbitrary values of the Biot and Peclet numbers. A comparison of our results with the previous ones indicates satisfactory accuracy of the obtained solution. The fin efficiency is also given explicitly in terms of prescribed parameters and calculated numerically. The heat dissipation to the surrounding medium due to convection and radiation is analyzed for various speeds of a moving fin. The influences of thermal conductivity, heat convection, radiation, and moving speed of the fin on the temperature distribution and thermal performance are elucidated.
This article studies the thermal performance of a moving fin with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity in a convective and radiative environment. It corresponds to a nonlinear heat transfer problem related to the nonlinear ordinary differential equation (NODE) for the unknown temperature excess. The NODE is solved by converting it to a nonlinear Fredholm integral equation. An approximate temperature distribution is determined in the quadratic form for arbitrary values of the Biot and Peclet numbers. A comparison of our results with the previous ones indicates satisfactory accuracy of the obtained solution. The fin efficiency is also given explicitly in terms of prescribed parameters and calculated numerically. The heat dissipation to the surrounding medium due to convection and radiation is analyzed for various speeds of a moving fin. The influences of thermal conductivity, heat convection, radiation, and moving speed of the fin on the temperature distribution and thermal performance are elucidated.
作者：
Bin Li;Xiaofei Feng;Sheng Su*;Peijun Zhong;Hao Xiao
期刊：
IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution,2025年19(1):e70040 ISSN：1751-8687
通讯作者：
Sheng Su
作者机构：
[Hao Xiao] University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada;[Bin Li; Xiaofei Feng; Sheng Su; Peijun Zhong] Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Sheng Su] C;Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China
关键词：
fault location;leakage currents;residual current devices
摘要：
Wiring errors, caused by improper connections between neutral lines and protective earth (PE) lines due to negligence by electrical technicians, are a prevalent type of earth fault in low-voltage distribution systems (LVDS). These errors can cause the load current of affected users to flow back to the transformer's neutral point via the PE line as residual current, leading to nuisance tripping of residual current devices (RCDs). To maintain normal power supply, users may disable RCDs, which compromises safety and can result in severe hazards such as electric shocks and electrical fires. This paper proposes a method to locate users with wiring errors by leveraging abundant metering data within LVDS and utilising leakage fault analysis devices. We construct a linear model of residual current considering multiple error scenarios. Based on this model, a multiple linear regression (MLR) approach is developed to identify and locate anomalous users by analysing the correlation between their load currents and the residual current of the LVDS. Experimental results under various scenarios validate the performance of the proposed method.
作者：
Ke Quan;Yuqing Zeng;Sijia Gao;Yanli Lei;Le Yang*;...
期刊：
Advanced Sensor and Energy Materials,2025年:100141 ISSN：2773-045X
通讯作者：
Le Yang
作者机构：
[Ke Quan; Yuqing Zeng; Sijia Gao; Yanli Lei; Le Yang; Yibo Zhou; Zhihe Qing] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food and Bioengineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Lucky Poh Wah Goh] Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, University Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
通讯机构：
[Le Yang] H;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food and Bioengineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
摘要：
The prevalent oral diseases, such as dental caries, chronic gingivitis, and periodontitis, which are primarily caused by pathogenic bacteria, pose significant public health risks and impose substantial economic burdens. However, conventional treatment strategies for oral pathogens rely on mechanical debridement and antibiotic treatment, which remain unsatisfactory and contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance pathogens. The escalating crisis of antibiotic resistance and the intricate microbial communities in oral niches urgently demand innovative antimicrobial strategies that can overcome these issues. Metal-bearing nanomaterials (MBNs), as an integration of metallic components with other substances such as polymers or inorganic materials, have demonstrated improved antimicrobial effectiveness while mitigating the toxicity associated with pure metals in oral environments. This review provides an innovative overview of designing and utilizing MBNs for oral antimicrobial applications, bridging the gap between nanomaterial design and clinical dentistry needs while guiding the development of next-generation antimicrobials in the post-antibiotic era. Firstly, we categorize and elucidate the main antibacterial mechanisms of metallic components in MBNs. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary is provided on the up-to-date advancements in using MBNs for oral antibacterial purposes, highlighting the pivotal role of metals in enhancing antibacterial properties. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and potential future developments to establish a theoretical foundation for ongoing progress and clinical approval.
The prevalent oral diseases, such as dental caries, chronic gingivitis, and periodontitis, which are primarily caused by pathogenic bacteria, pose significant public health risks and impose substantial economic burdens. However, conventional treatment strategies for oral pathogens rely on mechanical debridement and antibiotic treatment, which remain unsatisfactory and contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance pathogens. The escalating crisis of antibiotic resistance and the intricate microbial communities in oral niches urgently demand innovative antimicrobial strategies that can overcome these issues. Metal-bearing nanomaterials (MBNs), as an integration of metallic components with other substances such as polymers or inorganic materials, have demonstrated improved antimicrobial effectiveness while mitigating the toxicity associated with pure metals in oral environments. This review provides an innovative overview of designing and utilizing MBNs for oral antimicrobial applications, bridging the gap between nanomaterial design and clinical dentistry needs while guiding the development of next-generation antimicrobials in the post-antibiotic era. Firstly, we categorize and elucidate the main antibacterial mechanisms of metallic components in MBNs. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary is provided on the up-to-date advancements in using MBNs for oral antibacterial purposes, highlighting the pivotal role of metals in enhancing antibacterial properties. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and potential future developments to establish a theoretical foundation for ongoing progress and clinical approval.
通讯机构：
[Zheng, BH ] C;Cent South Univ, Sch Architecture & Art, Changsha 410083, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Urban microclimate;Outdoor thermal comfort;Street interface;Universal thermal climate index (UTCI);ENVI-met;Old city of Changsha
摘要：
The challenge of the urban thermal environment stands as a pivotal obstacle in enhancing urban habitation, with its most conspicuous manifestation occurring during the summer months. The urban configuration intertwines with the thermal milieu, and its meticulous refinement is critical to ameliorating thermal conditions. Notably, streets, constituting two-thirds of the urban expanse, assume paramount importance. Delving into the nexus between street interface morphology and the thermal environment carries practical implications. The current corpus of street form research exhibits a conspicuous oversight in attending to the street interface, with a noticeable need for more exploration into its symbiosis with the thermal ambience. This study, therefore, directs its focus toward the nuanced examination of street interface morphology. Employing the method of constructing morphological models, we utilize ENVI-met software to simulate and analyze the thermal environment. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) serves as the yardstick for evaluating thermal conditions, elucidating the influence of street interface morphology on the summer thermal environment of streets. The findings unveil a discernible correlation: for east-west streets, diminished interface density and concavity, coupled with an augmented street aspect ratio and interface height dislocation, yield superior street pedestrian thermal comfort. The interface height ratio index emerges as a particularly noteworthy factor, with the nadir of thermal comfort occurring at an interface height ratio1. Moreover, streets boasting elevated interfaces on the north side exhibit enhanced thermal comfort within similar interface height ratios. In the case of north-south streets, heightened interface density and street aspect ratio, juxtaposed with diminished interface concavity and height dislocation, parallelly yield enhanced thermal comfort. Optimal thermal comfort materializes when the interface height ratio equals 1. Moreover, streets featuring elevated interfaces on the east side manifest superior thermal comfort within equivalent interface height ratios. The culminating phase of this inquiry entails the optimization simulation of select streets within the ancient precincts of Changsha. The outcomes underscore a discernible enhancement in the thermal comfort of both east-west and north-south streets post-optimization, affirming the efficacy of street interface shape transformations in efficaciously augmenting the summer thermal environment of urban streets.
The challenge of the urban thermal environment stands as a pivotal obstacle in enhancing urban habitation, with its most conspicuous manifestation occurring during the summer months. The urban configuration intertwines with the thermal milieu, and its meticulous refinement is critical to ameliorating thermal conditions. Notably, streets, constituting two-thirds of the urban expanse, assume paramount importance. Delving into the nexus between street interface morphology and the thermal environment carries practical implications. The current corpus of street form research exhibits a conspicuous oversight in attending to the street interface, with a noticeable need for more exploration into its symbiosis with the thermal ambience. This study, therefore, directs its focus toward the nuanced examination of street interface morphology. Employing the method of constructing morphological models, we utilize ENVI-met software to simulate and analyze the thermal environment. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) serves as the yardstick for evaluating thermal conditions, elucidating the influence of street interface morphology on the summer thermal environment of streets. The findings unveil a discernible correlation: for east-west streets, diminished interface density and concavity, coupled with an augmented street aspect ratio and interface height dislocation, yield superior street pedestrian thermal comfort. The interface height ratio index emerges as a particularly noteworthy factor, with the nadir of thermal comfort occurring at an interface height ratio1. Moreover, streets boasting elevated interfaces on the north side exhibit enhanced thermal comfort within similar interface height ratios. In the case of north-south streets, heightened interface density and street aspect ratio, juxtaposed with diminished interface concavity and height dislocation, parallelly yield enhanced thermal comfort. Optimal thermal comfort materializes when the interface height ratio equals 1. Moreover, streets featuring elevated interfaces on the east side manifest superior thermal comfort within equivalent interface height ratios. The culminating phase of this inquiry entails the optimization simulation of select streets within the ancient precincts of Changsha. The outcomes underscore a discernible enhancement in the thermal comfort of both east-west and north-south streets post-optimization, affirming the efficacy of street interface shape transformations in efficaciously augmenting the summer thermal environment of urban streets.
期刊：
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON DEPENDABLE AND SECURE COMPUTING,2025年22(2):997-1010 ISSN：1545-5971
作者机构：
[Xinglin Zhang] School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China;[Anfeng Liu] School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha, China;School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China;[Zhemin Yang; Min Yang] School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;[Zhetao Li] National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Network Security Detection and Protection Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Security and Privacy Protection, College of Information Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
摘要：
As a collaborative and open network, billions of devices can be free to join the IoT-based data collection network for data perception and transmission. Along with this trend, more and more malicious attackers enter the network, they steal or tamper with data, and hinder data exchange and communication. To address these issues, we propose a Proactive Trust Evaluation System (PTES) for secure data collection by evaluating the trust of mobile data collectors. Specifically, PTES guarantees evaluation accuracy from trust evidence acquisition, trust evidence storage, and trust value calculation. First, PTES obtains trust evidence based on active detection of drones, feedbacks from interacted objects, and recommendations from trusted third parties. Then, these trust evidences are stored according to interaction time by adopting a sliding window mechanism. After that, credible, untrustworthy, and uncertain evidence sequences are extracted from the storage space, and assigned with positive, negative, and tendentious trust values, respectively. Consequently, the final normalized trust is obtained by combining the three trust values. Finally, extensive experiments conducted on a real-world dataset demonstrate PTES is superior to benchmark methods in terms of detection accuracy and profit.
期刊：
Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2025年1020:179457 ISSN：0925-8388
通讯作者：
Wei Li
作者机构：
[Cuiling Deng; Hui Zhou; Zhiqing Zhu; Dapeng Jiang] College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Youping Sun] Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China;[Fulin Jiang; Jie Teng; Hui Zhang] College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;[Shuang Chen] Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vehicle Power and Transmission System, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China;[Guowei Bo] College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China<&wdkj&>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China<&wdkj&>College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
通讯机构：
[Wei Li] C;College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China<&wdkj&>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automobile Components and Vehicle Technology, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
摘要：
Complex dynamic and static softening behaviors in flow stress evolutions serve as important indicator for optimizing the power or load required by thermomechanical processes of Al-Cu-Mg alloys. However, the flow stress behaviors during the commonly employed industrial multi-stage warm and hot forming of Al-Cu-Mg alloys are rarely reported. In this work, therefore, the complicated flow hardening or softening mechanisms during multi-stage warm (200 ºC) and hot (300 ºC and 400 ºC) deformation of the air-cooled (AC) and water-quenched (WQ) Al-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy after solution treatment were studied by means of isothermal (1, 2, 3, 6 passes) compression tests, microstructural characterization and in-situ electrical resistivity monitoring. During warm deformation at 200 ºC, clear flow hardening was presented until high strain level (0.8–1.0) for AC and WQ alloy, after which slight flow softening and hardening was observed due to the dynamic recovery caused by high strain energy, respectively. But the more the number of deformation pass, the stronger static hardening caused by static precipitation, leading to higher flow stress and enhancing the flow softening behaviors within high strain range (0.8–1.2). During hot deformation at 300 ºC and 400 ºC, the clear dynamic and static softening of AC and WQ alloy are mainly attributed to dynamic/static recovery (DRV and SRV) and precipitation, respectively. However, the strain energy consumed by static recovery and/or precipitation would increase significantly with rising number of static holding process. Consequently, the stored strain energy for the occurrence of DRV during later stage of deformation ( ε >0.8) was insufficient, leading to flow hardening of 3- and 6-pass deformation.
Complex dynamic and static softening behaviors in flow stress evolutions serve as important indicator for optimizing the power or load required by thermomechanical processes of Al-Cu-Mg alloys. However, the flow stress behaviors during the commonly employed industrial multi-stage warm and hot forming of Al-Cu-Mg alloys are rarely reported. In this work, therefore, the complicated flow hardening or softening mechanisms during multi-stage warm (200 ºC) and hot (300 ºC and 400 ºC) deformation of the air-cooled (AC) and water-quenched (WQ) Al-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy after solution treatment were studied by means of isothermal (1, 2, 3, 6 passes) compression tests, microstructural characterization and in-situ electrical resistivity monitoring. During warm deformation at 200 ºC, clear flow hardening was presented until high strain level (0.8–1.0) for AC and WQ alloy, after which slight flow softening and hardening was observed due to the dynamic recovery caused by high strain energy, respectively. But the more the number of deformation pass, the stronger static hardening caused by static precipitation, leading to higher flow stress and enhancing the flow softening behaviors within high strain range (0.8–1.2). During hot deformation at 300 ºC and 400 ºC, the clear dynamic and static softening of AC and WQ alloy are mainly attributed to dynamic/static recovery (DRV and SRV) and precipitation, respectively. However, the strain energy consumed by static recovery and/or precipitation would increase significantly with rising number of static holding process. Consequently, the stored strain energy for the occurrence of DRV during later stage of deformation ( ε >0.8) was insufficient, leading to flow hardening of 3- and 6-pass deformation.
期刊：
Resources, Conservation and Recycling,2025年215:108096 ISSN：0921-3449
通讯作者：
Liu, B
作者机构：
[Liu, Bin; Pan, Wei; Liu, B; Yu, Cong] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.;[Liu, Bin; Liu, B; Li, Jingjing] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn, Dept Engn Management, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Kumar, Pankaj] Inst Global Environm Strategies, Hayama 2400115, Japan.;[Chen, Yifan] Zhejiang Univ Water Resources & Elect Power, Coll Water Conservancy & Environm Engn, Hangzhou 310018, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Liu, B ] U;Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Traff & Transportat Engn, Dept Engn Management, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Sustainable development;Water resilience;Nature-society dual water cycle;Climate change;Spatiotemporal analysis;China
摘要：
Water cycle resilience represents a vital part of sustainable water resources management for a region with severe water vulnerability issues. However, despite their importance, a current lack of systematic monitoring mechanisms has contributed to an insufficient grasp of their distribution in relation to water resources management practices, as well as their vulnerability to climate change and human impacts. This study develops a nature-society water cycle resilience index that integrates recover and supplement to water vulnerability, which is applied in the case study of China. The results indicate that the comprehensive level of water cycle resilience in China has been constantly improving in the past two decades, whilst varies significantly among provinces in water resources management performance and serious vulnerability issues. This study provides useful references for countries or large-scale regions around the world to promote resilience and sustainability in water resources planning and policy.
Water cycle resilience represents a vital part of sustainable water resources management for a region with severe water vulnerability issues. However, despite their importance, a current lack of systematic monitoring mechanisms has contributed to an insufficient grasp of their distribution in relation to water resources management practices, as well as their vulnerability to climate change and human impacts. This study develops a nature-society water cycle resilience index that integrates recover and supplement to water vulnerability, which is applied in the case study of China. The results indicate that the comprehensive level of water cycle resilience in China has been constantly improving in the past two decades, whilst varies significantly among provinces in water resources management performance and serious vulnerability issues. This study provides useful references for countries or large-scale regions around the world to promote resilience and sustainability in water resources planning and policy.
摘要：
Currently, isocyanate modified asphalt (IMA) has gradually attracted attention in the pavement field due to its good mechanical properties and environmental benefits. However, there also exists some challenges, such as high viscosity and poor low-temperature performance, for its further application. In this study, an environmental-friendly potential solving method is proposed by employing waste engine oil (WEO) as a co-modifier with polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate (PAPI). And the effect and modification mechanism of WEO and PAPI on neat asphalt are studied. Specifically, the optimal compositions of PAPI/WEO modified asphalt (PWMA) were firstly determined by learning the effects of the PAPI and WEO amounts on the viscosity, high- and low- temperature performance of neat asphalt. Then, the traditional physical properties, storage stability and aging resistance of PWMA and SBS modified asphalt (SBSMA) were analyzed and compared. Finally, the performance improvement mechanism of PWMA was detected by microscopic analyses. The result shows that adopting WEO as a kind of co-modifier can prepare excellent performance modified asphalt with PAPI. The prepared PWMA qualifies similar viscosity and high- and low- temperature performance to SBSMA, while has the better storage stability and aging resistance. Microscopic test results reveal that in the PWMA, PAPI reacts chemically with the neat asphalt to generate carbamate or urea macromolecular products, while WEO mainly plays the role of adsorbent and filler. These findings are significant for guiding the performance regulation of IMA by the environmental-friendly method.
Currently, isocyanate modified asphalt (IMA) has gradually attracted attention in the pavement field due to its good mechanical properties and environmental benefits. However, there also exists some challenges, such as high viscosity and poor low-temperature performance, for its further application. In this study, an environmental-friendly potential solving method is proposed by employing waste engine oil (WEO) as a co-modifier with polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate (PAPI). And the effect and modification mechanism of WEO and PAPI on neat asphalt are studied. Specifically, the optimal compositions of PAPI/WEO modified asphalt (PWMA) were firstly determined by learning the effects of the PAPI and WEO amounts on the viscosity, high- and low- temperature performance of neat asphalt. Then, the traditional physical properties, storage stability and aging resistance of PWMA and SBS modified asphalt (SBSMA) were analyzed and compared. Finally, the performance improvement mechanism of PWMA was detected by microscopic analyses. The result shows that adopting WEO as a kind of co-modifier can prepare excellent performance modified asphalt with PAPI. The prepared PWMA qualifies similar viscosity and high- and low- temperature performance to SBSMA, while has the better storage stability and aging resistance. Microscopic test results reveal that in the PWMA, PAPI reacts chemically with the neat asphalt to generate carbamate or urea macromolecular products, while WEO mainly plays the role of adsorbent and filler. These findings are significant for guiding the performance regulation of IMA by the environmental-friendly method.
期刊：
Journal of Energy Storage,2025年116:115934 ISSN：2352-152X
通讯作者：
Yong Li
作者机构：
College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China;Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China;[Yijia Cao] School of Electrical & Information Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114, China;[Yixiao Wang] School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha, 410082, China;[Yinglong Zhao; Yong Li] College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China<&wdkj&>Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China
通讯机构：
[Yong Li] C;College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China<&wdkj&>Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, Guangzhou, 511300, China
摘要：
Lithium-ion batteries are now widely used as energy storage units in electric vehicles. Achieving high accuracy in state of charge (SOC) estimation in the battery management system (BMS) is critical for safe operation of electric vehicles. However, accurate SOC estimation remains a challenging task due to the complex dynamics of batteries and the wide range of ambient temperature. Here we propose a new method called ResNet-GRNN for accurate SOC estimation. Our approach combines a Residual network (ResNet) and a gated recurrent neural network (GRNN). Compared to traditional GRNNs, the proposed method can improve the accuracy and generalization of SOC estimation without altering the original GRNN output. The proposed method is tested on datasets collected from two lithium-ion batteries under dynamic drive cycles at different temperatures. The results show that the mean absolute errors (MAEs) of the proposed method is 80% and 56% lower than those of GRNNs and Deep-GRNNs, respectively. Particularly at low temperatures, the ResNet-GRNNs reduce MAEs by 86% and 79%. Moreover, the proposed method achieves low MAEs of 0.51% and 1.14%, respectively, under untrained varying temperatures. Finally, upon testing in a practical BMS, the proposed method achieved the highest level of accuracy while reducing memory consumption by 70%, demonstrating its superiority in practical applications.
Lithium-ion batteries are now widely used as energy storage units in electric vehicles. Achieving high accuracy in state of charge (SOC) estimation in the battery management system (BMS) is critical for safe operation of electric vehicles. However, accurate SOC estimation remains a challenging task due to the complex dynamics of batteries and the wide range of ambient temperature. Here we propose a new method called ResNet-GRNN for accurate SOC estimation. Our approach combines a Residual network (ResNet) and a gated recurrent neural network (GRNN). Compared to traditional GRNNs, the proposed method can improve the accuracy and generalization of SOC estimation without altering the original GRNN output. The proposed method is tested on datasets collected from two lithium-ion batteries under dynamic drive cycles at different temperatures. The results show that the mean absolute errors (MAEs) of the proposed method is 80% and 56% lower than those of GRNNs and Deep-GRNNs, respectively. Particularly at low temperatures, the ResNet-GRNNs reduce MAEs by 86% and 79%. Moreover, the proposed method achieves low MAEs of 0.51% and 1.14%, respectively, under untrained varying temperatures. Finally, upon testing in a practical BMS, the proposed method achieved the highest level of accuracy while reducing memory consumption by 70%, demonstrating its superiority in practical applications.
作者机构：
[Shanlin Xu; Lingkai Hu; Honglei Sun; Bo Wang] College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China;[Feng Gao] School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, China;[Mingyuan Wang] Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation, Hangzhou, China
通讯机构：
[Lingkai Hu] C;College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
关键词：
Discrete element method;Gap-graded soils;Particle size distribution;Peak strength;Anisotropy;Predictive formula
摘要：
Gap-graded soils, extensively utilized in geotechnical and hydraulic engineering, exhibit diverse strength characteristics governed by their distinctive particle size distribution (PSD). To investigate the influence of PSD on the shear strength of gap-graded soils, this study utilizes the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to reproduce drained conventional triaxial tests of gap-graded soils across a wide range of fine particle content (FC = 1-40%) and particle size ratio (SR = 2.5-6.0). The simulation results reveal that the peak shear strength follows a characteristic unimodal curve versus FC, attaining its maximum value at about FC = 25%. SR governs peak strength through critical FC thresholds: negligible impact at FC < 10%, whereas significant enhancement occurs at FC = 25%. Micromechanical analysis reveals that branch anisotropy evolution controls strength behaviour. Shear strength inversely correlates with peak branch anisotropy as reduced branch anisotropy promotes homogenized contact force distribution. FC and SR collectively regulate macroscopic strength through coupled control of branch anisotropy evolution, where their synergistic interaction governs force chain reorganization and stress distribution homogeneity. Based on these insights, a novel predictive formula for peak strength incorporating both SR and FC were proposed, providing guidance for optimized deployment of gap-graded soils in engineering practice.
摘要：
Solar-light-driven photocatalysis is a promising solution to remove various pollution and antibiotic. However, its performance is greatly limited by the fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Here, we prepared carbon-encapsulated cerium phosphate nanocomposites (CePO 4 @C) by an in situ one-step hydrothermal synthesis strategy. The carbon layer not only receives electrons from CePO 4 facilitated by an internal electric field over Mott-Schottky heterostructures but also promotes further electron diffusion along a conductive carbon layer, resulting in fast charge transfer and a low charge recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. Due to its suitable characteristics, the nanocomposites demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency (98.8 % for methyl orange and 81.2 % for tetracycline hydrochloride within 40 min). This work provides an in situ one-step synthesis approach for carbon-encapsulated semiconducting oxide nanocomposites that are promising for use as highly efficient photocatalysts in future applications.
Solar-light-driven photocatalysis is a promising solution to remove various pollution and antibiotic. However, its performance is greatly limited by the fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Here, we prepared carbon-encapsulated cerium phosphate nanocomposites (CePO 4 @C) by an in situ one-step hydrothermal synthesis strategy. The carbon layer not only receives electrons from CePO 4 facilitated by an internal electric field over Mott-Schottky heterostructures but also promotes further electron diffusion along a conductive carbon layer, resulting in fast charge transfer and a low charge recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. Due to its suitable characteristics, the nanocomposites demonstrated high photocatalytic efficiency (98.8 % for methyl orange and 81.2 % for tetracycline hydrochloride within 40 min). This work provides an in situ one-step synthesis approach for carbon-encapsulated semiconducting oxide nanocomposites that are promising for use as highly efficient photocatalysts in future applications.
摘要：
In this study, the relationship between advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) in preserved egg white (PEW) with protein oxidation and precursors induced by OH − and Cu 2+ were performed to clarify the differential contribution of OH − and Cu 2+ on the formation of AGEs during pickling. It was found that AGEs were more easily formed in PEW rather than yolk, and the accumulation of N ε -carboxymethyllysine (CML) could be promoted through protein oxidation related to carbonyl compounds, tryptophan induced by Cu 2+ at early stage, while carbonyl compounds were more conducive to form N ε -carboxyethyllysine (CEL) under synergistic action of Cu 2+ and OH − . At later period, Schiff base promoted the formation of CEL and CML in the presence of Cu 2+ . Meanwhile, the enrichment of CEL and CML could both be promoted by α-dicarbonyl compounds in presence of Cu 2+ and/or OH − . This manuscript will provide theoretical guidance for reducing and limiting hazardous compounds in preserved eggs.
In this study, the relationship between advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) in preserved egg white (PEW) with protein oxidation and precursors induced by OH − and Cu 2+ were performed to clarify the differential contribution of OH − and Cu 2+ on the formation of AGEs during pickling. It was found that AGEs were more easily formed in PEW rather than yolk, and the accumulation of N ε -carboxymethyllysine (CML) could be promoted through protein oxidation related to carbonyl compounds, tryptophan induced by Cu 2+ at early stage, while carbonyl compounds were more conducive to form N ε -carboxyethyllysine (CEL) under synergistic action of Cu 2+ and OH − . At later period, Schiff base promoted the formation of CEL and CML in the presence of Cu 2+ . Meanwhile, the enrichment of CEL and CML could both be promoted by α-dicarbonyl compounds in presence of Cu 2+ and/or OH − . This manuscript will provide theoretical guidance for reducing and limiting hazardous compounds in preserved eggs.
摘要：
Despite the evident advantages of variants of UNet in medical image segmentation, these methods still exhibit limitations in the extraction of foreground, background, and boundary features. Based on feature guidance, we propose a new network (FG-UNet). Specifically, adjacent high-level and low-level features are used to gradually guide the network to perceive lesion features. To accommodate lesion features of different scales, the multi-order gated aggregation (MGA) block is designed based on multi-order feature interactions. Furthermore, a novel feature-guided context-aware (FGCA) block is devised to enhance the capability of FG-UNet to segment lesions by fusing boundary-enhancing features, object-enhancing features, and uncertain areas. Eventually, a bi-dimensional interaction attention (BIA) block is designed to enable the network to highlight crucial features effectively. To appraise the effectiveness of FG-UNet, experiments were conducted on Kvasir-seg, ISIC2018, and COVID-19 datasets. The experimental results illustrate that FG-UNet achieves a DSC score of 92.70% on the Kvasir-seg dataset, which is 1.15% higher than that of the latest SCUNet++, 4.70% higher than that of ACC-UNet, and 5.17% higher than that of UNet.
期刊：
Journal of Solid State Chemistry,2025年345:125205 ISSN：0022-4596
通讯作者：
Huang, Jincheng;Peng, ZY
作者机构：
[Huang, Jincheng; Zhu, Yuxiang; Zhang, Yuanfang; Peng, Zhuoyin; Zhang, Xinlong; Li, Wei; Liao, Kai; Peng, ZY; Gu, Yongjie] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Hunan Prov Collaborat Innovat Ctr Clean Energy & S, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Educ Dept Hunan Prov, Changsha 410111, Peoples R China.;[Zhu, Yuxiang] Wuxi Municipal Bur Ind & Informat Technol, Wuxi, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Huang, JC; Peng, ZY ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Hunan Prov Collaborat Innovat Ctr Clean Energy & S, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Educ Dept Hunan Prov, Changsha 410111, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells;Direct one-step dual ligand passivation;Charge transfer;Photovoltaic performance
摘要：
The surface traps of quantum dots are still serious problems to limit the photovoltaic performance of carbon based quantum dot solar cells. In order to optimize the surface state of quantum dot solar cells, PbI 2 /MPA dual surface ligand is introduced for direct one-step surface passivation strategy to reduce the generated undercoordinated sites and OH group in PbS quantum dot solar cells, which can provide uniform, compact and stable structure for PbS thin films. The optical absorption and charge separation properties of carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells have been improved under this PbI 2 /MPA dual surface ligand passivation process. The excellent trap passivation has effectively improved the charge transfer efficiency of the solar cells, which exhibits higher open-circuit voltage (25.33 mA/cm 2 ), short-circuit current density (507.8 mV) and fill factor (0.525) value for carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells. As a result, photovoltaic conversion efficiency of carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells has been enhanced from 5.36 % to 6.75 % under this direct one-step dual PbI 2 /MPA surface ligand passivation. This work provides an effective traps passivation process to further optimize the PbS quantum dots for optoelectronic devices applications.
The surface traps of quantum dots are still serious problems to limit the photovoltaic performance of carbon based quantum dot solar cells. In order to optimize the surface state of quantum dot solar cells, PbI 2 /MPA dual surface ligand is introduced for direct one-step surface passivation strategy to reduce the generated undercoordinated sites and OH group in PbS quantum dot solar cells, which can provide uniform, compact and stable structure for PbS thin films. The optical absorption and charge separation properties of carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells have been improved under this PbI 2 /MPA dual surface ligand passivation process. The excellent trap passivation has effectively improved the charge transfer efficiency of the solar cells, which exhibits higher open-circuit voltage (25.33 mA/cm 2 ), short-circuit current density (507.8 mV) and fill factor (0.525) value for carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells. As a result, photovoltaic conversion efficiency of carbon based PbS quantum dot solar cells has been enhanced from 5.36 % to 6.75 % under this direct one-step dual PbI 2 /MPA surface ligand passivation. This work provides an effective traps passivation process to further optimize the PbS quantum dots for optoelectronic devices applications.
摘要：
Critical shear stress and erosion rate are two key factors for the prediction of the incipient motion of sediment and the transport of sediment. Seabed seepage can significantly alter the pore pressure gradient within the soil and the hydrodynamics around the surface of the seabed, further affecting erosion processes. Previous studies attempted to theoretically clarify the effect of the seepage force on sediment incipient motion. In this study, a newly designed erosion-seepage system (ESS) that considers the effect of seepage under steady or oscillatory flow is used to simulate the erosion process. Through the designed ESS, the erosion height per unit time was measured directly on the Yellow River sand, and the upward seepage force was applied at the bottom of the soil sample in the process. Then, the relationship between the erosion rate and seepage was established.The experimental results show that upward seepage reduces the critical shear stress of the sand bed and increases the erosion rate of the soils under both steady flow and oscillatory flow conditions. The erosion coefficients in the erosion models decrease with increasing seepage gradient. The effect of seepage on erosion is more obvious when the flow velocity of the steady stream is large, while the effect of seepage on erosion is relatively small under the oscillatory state with a shorter period. However, when violent erosion of soil samples occurs, seepage under both flow conditions greatly increases the erosion rate.
摘要：
During the battery cathode materials preparation, the temperature correlation, the external environment disturbance, and the system instability caused by control updating widely exist. All these make it difficult to accurately control the temperature of roller kiln. For this reason, an event-triggered decentralized H infinity control method based on adaptive dynamic programming is proposed. First, the temperature interconnection model is established by describing the relationship between temperatures of the atmosphere outlet and each temperature zone. Then, as for temperature interconnection and disturbance, an auxiliary subsystem is introduced and a cost function including upper bound of interconnection term, temperature state, control input, auxiliary control law and disturbance is designed. Next, the event-trigger mechanism is introduced. The event-triggering condition is designed by considering the temperature interconnection, temperature state, control input and disturbance. It is proved that the temperature event-triggered decentralized H infinity control problem can be converted to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Isaacs (HJI) equation problem of a set of auxiliary subsystems and the critic learning method is used to solve the HJI equation. The state of the auxiliary subsystem and the pulse dynamic system are proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, the proposed control approach is implemented to roller kiln to prove its validity.
摘要：
A new method was proposed for predicting residual stress in light alloys using truncated conical indentation. In this method, a truncated conical indenter with a cone angle of 120°, insensitive to edge-chamfer and friction effects, was used to test the residual stress of light alloys. Selecting the ratio of indentation work between stressed and unstressed specimens as an analytical parameter, a dimensionless truncated conical indentation (TCI) model related to the ratio of indentation work between stressed and unstressed, material properties, and normalized residual stress was established via dimensional analysis and numerical calculations. The TCI model could predict equi-biaxial residual stress and uniaxial residual stress, and its accuracy was verified in a wide range of light alloys with varying residual stress by numerical simulation. The stability of the TCI model is verified numerically by introducing errors in material parameters. Truncated conical indentation tests were conducted on cruciform specimens and rectangular specimens respectively made of three aluminum alloys. The results exhibited the residual stress predicted by proposed method agrees well with the applied stress, and the relative errors between them were within ±10 % in most cases.
A new method was proposed for predicting residual stress in light alloys using truncated conical indentation. In this method, a truncated conical indenter with a cone angle of 120°, insensitive to edge-chamfer and friction effects, was used to test the residual stress of light alloys. Selecting the ratio of indentation work between stressed and unstressed specimens as an analytical parameter, a dimensionless truncated conical indentation (TCI) model related to the ratio of indentation work between stressed and unstressed, material properties, and normalized residual stress was established via dimensional analysis and numerical calculations. The TCI model could predict equi-biaxial residual stress and uniaxial residual stress, and its accuracy was verified in a wide range of light alloys with varying residual stress by numerical simulation. The stability of the TCI model is verified numerically by introducing errors in material parameters. Truncated conical indentation tests were conducted on cruciform specimens and rectangular specimens respectively made of three aluminum alloys. The results exhibited the residual stress predicted by proposed method agrees well with the applied stress, and the relative errors between them were within ±10 % in most cases.
摘要：
The rapid development of the Internet has led to the widespread dissemination of manipulated facial images, significantly impacting people's daily lives. With the continuous advancement of Deepfake technology, the generated counterfeit facial images have become increasingly challenging to distinguish. There is an urgent need for a more robust and convincing detection method. Current detection methods mainly operate in the spatial domain and transform the spatial domain into other domains for analysis. With the emergence of transformers, some researchers have also combined traditional convolutional networks with transformers for detection. This paper explores the artifacts left by Deepfakes in various domains and, based on this exploration, proposes a detection method that utilizes the steganalysis rich model to extract high-frequency noise to complement spatial features. We have designed two main modules to fully leverage the interaction between these two aspects based on traditional convolutional neural networks. The first is the multi-scale mixed feature attention module, which introduces artifacts from high-frequency noise into spatial textures, thereby enhancing the model's learning of spatial texture features. The second is the multiscale channel attention module, which reduces the impact of background noise by weighting the features. Our proposed method was experimentally evaluated on mainstream datasets, and a significant amount of experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in detecting Deepfake forged faces, outperforming the majority of existing methods.
作者机构：
[Min Wang] College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;College of Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China;[Xin Yu] College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China<&wdkj&>School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
通讯机构：
[Xin Yu] C;College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China<&wdkj&>School of Traffic & Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China<&wdkj&>National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
摘要：
The occurrence of top-down (TD) cracking has gradually become a prevalent issue in semi-rigid base asphalt pavements after prolonged service. A coupled simulation model integrating the finite difference method (FDM) and discrete element method (DEM) was employed to investigate the mechanical behavior of asphalt pavement containing a pre-existing TD crack. The mesoscopic parameters of the model were calibrated based on the mixture modulus and the static mechanical response on the MLS66 test road. Finally, an analysis was performed to assess how variations in TD crack depth and longitudinal length affect the distribution patterns of transverse tensile stress, vertical shear stress, and vertical compressive stress. The results indicate that the vertical propagation of TD crack significantly increases both the tensile stress value and range on the middle surface, while the longitudinal development of TD crack has minimal impact. This phenomenon may result in more severe fatigue failure on the middle surface. With the vertical and longitudinal development of TD crack, the vertical shear stress and compressive stress show obvious "two-stage" characteristics. When the crack's vertical length reaches 40 mm, there is a sharp increase in stress on the upper surface. As the crack continues to propagate vertically, the growth of stress on the upper surface becomes negligible, while the stress in the middle and lower layers increased significantly. Conversely, for longitudinal development of TD crack, any changes in stress are insignificant when their length is less than 180 mm; however, as they continue to develop longitudinally beyond this threshold, there is a sharp increase in stress levels. These findings hold great significance for understanding pavement structure deterioration and maintenance behavior associated with TD crack.
The occurrence of top-down (TD) cracking has gradually become a prevalent issue in semi-rigid base asphalt pavements after prolonged service. A coupled simulation model integrating the finite difference method (FDM) and discrete element method (DEM) was employed to investigate the mechanical behavior of asphalt pavement containing a pre-existing TD crack. The mesoscopic parameters of the model were calibrated based on the mixture modulus and the static mechanical response on the MLS66 test road. Finally, an analysis was performed to assess how variations in TD crack depth and longitudinal length affect the distribution patterns of transverse tensile stress, vertical shear stress, and vertical compressive stress. The results indicate that the vertical propagation of TD crack significantly increases both the tensile stress value and range on the middle surface, while the longitudinal development of TD crack has minimal impact. This phenomenon may result in more severe fatigue failure on the middle surface. With the vertical and longitudinal development of TD crack, the vertical shear stress and compressive stress show obvious "two-stage" characteristics. When the crack's vertical length reaches 40 mm, there is a sharp increase in stress on the upper surface. As the crack continues to propagate vertically, the growth of stress on the upper surface becomes negligible, while the stress in the middle and lower layers increased significantly. Conversely, for longitudinal development of TD crack, any changes in stress are insignificant when their length is less than 180 mm; however, as they continue to develop longitudinally beyond this threshold, there is a sharp increase in stress levels. These findings hold great significance for understanding pavement structure deterioration and maintenance behavior associated with TD crack.
通讯机构：
[Huang, Y ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Econ & Management, Changsha 410076, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Carbon-energy-metal system;Risk transmission;Quantile frequency connectedness;Quantile coherency;Portfolio diversification
摘要：
The carbon, energy, and metal markets are intricately interconnected, and clarifying their relationships is crucial for promoting sustainable development. This paper explores the risk transmission mechanism of carbon, energy and metal markets, as well as portfolio diversification. The quantile frequency framework and portfolio strategy are employed. Our empirical results indicate that the spillover effect is particularly pronounced in bearish and bullish markets. The connectedness of the carbon-energy-metal system is time-varying and cyclical, with short-term effects dominating. Moreover, the metal markets, especially copper, possesses greater explanatory power, and the carbon market is becoming increasingly connected with other markets in the post-COVID-19 period. In addition, the state of market dependence suggests that energy and metals can provide a better hedge against carbon in the medium and long term. Investors are recommended to hold more metals in their portfolios rather than carbon and energy, and to adjust portfolio allocations and hedge positions in response to market situations. Overall, these findings are of great significance for investors building diversified investment and for policymakers monitoring risk contagion.
The carbon, energy, and metal markets are intricately interconnected, and clarifying their relationships is crucial for promoting sustainable development. This paper explores the risk transmission mechanism of carbon, energy and metal markets, as well as portfolio diversification. The quantile frequency framework and portfolio strategy are employed. Our empirical results indicate that the spillover effect is particularly pronounced in bearish and bullish markets. The connectedness of the carbon-energy-metal system is time-varying and cyclical, with short-term effects dominating. Moreover, the metal markets, especially copper, possesses greater explanatory power, and the carbon market is becoming increasingly connected with other markets in the post-COVID-19 period. In addition, the state of market dependence suggests that energy and metals can provide a better hedge against carbon in the medium and long term. Investors are recommended to hold more metals in their portfolios rather than carbon and energy, and to adjust portfolio allocations and hedge positions in response to market situations. Overall, these findings are of great significance for investors building diversified investment and for policymakers monitoring risk contagion.
