摘要：
Significant progress has been made in mitigating membrane biofouling by microbial quorum quenching (QQ). More efficient and survivable QQ strains need to be discovered. A new strain named Bacillus thuringiensis LZX01 was isolated in this study using a low carbon source concentration "starving" method from a membrane bioreactor (MBR). LZX01 secreted intracellular lactonase to enable QQ behavior and was capable of degrading 90% of C8-HSL (200ng/mL) within 30min, which effectively delayed biofouling by inhibiting the growth of bacteria associated with biofouling and improving the hydrophilicity of bound extracellular polymeric substances. As a result, the membrane biofouling rate of MBR adding LZX01 was four times slower than that of the control MBR. Importantly, LZX01 maintains its QQ activity even in environments contaminated with typical toxic pollutants. Therefore, with high efficiency, toxicity resistance, and easy culture, LZX01 holds great potential and significant promise for biofouling control applications.
摘要：
Here, an adaptive de‐morphing factor framework (ADFF) is proposed to restore the accomplice's facial image. A pioneering de‐morphing factor prediction network is proposed, which can better handle the variations in the degree of morphing across different images, to improve the quality of restored accomplice's facial images. Abstract Morphing attacks (MAs) pose a substantial security threat to the Automatic Border Control (ABC) system. While a few morphing attack detection (MAD) methods have been proposed, the face morphing accomplice's facial restoration has not received sufficient attention. Due to the inability to foresee the morphing factor used for a particular morphed image, selecting the appropriate de‐morphing factor becomes a challenging problem in the restoration of the accomplice's facial image. If the morphing factor cannot be chosen reasonably, achieving the desired restoration effect is difficult. Therefore, this paper presents an adaptive de‐morphing factor framework (ADFF) architecture for restoring the accomplice's facial image. By exploiting the morphed images stored in the electronic passport system and the real‐time captured criminal's images, ADFF can effectively restore the accomplice's facial image. Experimental results and analysis show that ADFF can significantly reduce the security threats of MAs on ABC.
摘要：
In human and other organisms' perception, olfaction plays a vital role, and biomimetic olfaction models offer a pathway for studying olfaction. The most optimal existing biomimetic olfaction model is the KIII model proposed by Professor Freeman; however, it still exhibits certain limitations. This study aims to address these limitations: In the feature extraction stage, it introduces adaptive histogram equalization, Gaussian filtering, and discrete cosine transform methods, effectively enhancing and extracting high-quality image features, thereby bolstering the model's recognition capabilities. To tackle the computational cost issue associated with solving the numerical solutions of neuronal dynamics equations in the KIII model, it replaces the original method with the faster Euler method, reducing time expenses while maintaining good recognition results. In the decision-making stage, several different dissimilarity metrics are compared, and the results indicate that the Spearman correlation coefficient performs best in this context. The improved KIII model is applied to a new domain of traffic sign recognition, demonstrating that it outperforms the baseline KIII model and exhibits certain advantages compared to other models.
摘要：
In order to improve the seismic performance of adjacent buildings, two types of tuned inerter damper (TID) damping systems for adjacent buildings are proposed, which are composed of springs, inerter devices and dampers in serial or in parallel. The dynamic equations of TID adjacent building damping systems were derived, and the H2 norm criterion was used to optimize and adjust them, so that the system had the optimum damping performance under white noise random excitation. Taking TID frequency ratio and damping ratio as optimization parameters, the optimum analytical solutions of the displacement frequency response of the undamped structure under white noise excitation were obtained. The results showed that compared with the classic TMD, TID could obtain a better damping effect in the adjacent buildings. Comparing the TIDs composed of serial or parallel, it was found that the parallel TIDs had more significant advantages in controlling the peak displacement frequency response, while the H2 norm of the displacement frequency response of the damping system under the coupling of serial TID was smaller. Taking the adjacent building composed of two ten-story frame structures as an example, the displacement and energy collection time history analysis of the adjacent building coupled with the optimum design parameter TIDs were carried out. It was found that TID had a better damping effect in the full-time range compared with the classic TMD. This paper also studied the potential power of TID in adjacent buildings, which can be converted into available power resources during earthquakes.
摘要：
This article studies a multiagile earth observation satellite system, in which a group of satellites provides observation services to acquire images of targets on the earth's surface. In this system, the large-scale multiobjective task scheduling problem is studied by jointly optimizing the task assignment scheme and the observation window allocation to maximize the total profit of all executed tasks on all satellites and the loading balance among satellites. Note, however, that it is challenging to solve this problem since the task assignment scheme and the observation window allocation are tightly coupled. Therefore, a bilevel optimization problem is formulated, where the tasks are assigned at the upper level and the observation windows are allocated at the lower level. In this way, the observation windows are allocated based on the given task assignment scheme, thus decoupling the task assignment scheme and the observation window allocation. Furthermore, the observation windows can be allocated in parallel on different satellites to improve computational efficiency. Subsequently, a bilevel evolutionary algorithm is proposed. Specifically, at the upper level, an initialization strategy is devised to efficiently generate feasible task assignment schemes by constructing the candidate satellite set for each task, and then a constrained multiobjective evolutionary algorithm is adopted to optimize the task assignment schemes. In addition, at the lower level, for each task assignment scheme, a greedy strategy is proposed to allocate the observation windows to as many tasks as possible on each satellite and a local search method is suggested to further improve the observation window allocation. Experiments on a diverse set of instances involving up to 1000 tasks demonstrate that the proposed algorithm exhibits better or at least competitive performance against other compared algorithms on each instance.
摘要：
Aesthetic expectations often constitute the primary focus in marketing nature-based tourist destinations. However, academic research has insufficiently explored the disparity between tourists' aesthetic expectations and the actual aesthetic quality maintenance in shaping satisfaction. Employing the Expectation Confirmation Theory, this study utilized structural equation modeling techniques to analyze survey data (n = 446). It proposed and tested an Aesthetic Expectation Confirmation Model to examine the relationship between aesthetic expectations, experiential qualities, and tourist satisfaction in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. The empirical findings show that aesthetic expectations have a direct, negative impact on satisfaction, while aesthetic expectation confirmation has a positive direct impact on satisfaction. Moreover, aesthetic expectation confirmation also plays a mediating role in the influence of aesthetic expectations and experiential quality on satisfaction. Specifically, aesthetic expectations indirectly impact satisfaction negatively through aesthetic expectation confirmation, whereas aesthetic experiential qualities have a positive, indirect impact on satisfaction through the same process. These findings offer theoretical contributions to the literature on forest recreation aesthetics and hold practical significance for the planning and management of destination aesthetics.
关键词：
integrated circuit;RTL code;code security;code obfuscation;XML syntax tree
摘要：
As the most widely used description code in digital circuits and system on chip (SoC), the security of register transfer level (RTL) code is extremely critical. Code obfuscation is a typical method to ensure the security of RTL code, but popular obfuscation methods are not fully applicable to RTL code. In addition, some RTL code obfuscation tools also have issues with incomplete functionality or obfuscation errors. In view of the above issues, this paper studies the RTL code security problem represented by obfuscation. Based on the extensible markup language (XML) syntax tree generated by parsing RTL code, a complete RTL code refactoring model is constructed, and four targeted RTL code obfuscation methods are proposed, namely: Layout obfuscation; Parameter obfuscation; Critical path obfuscation; Code increment obfuscation. Utilizing the developed obfuscation tool, an assessment of the performance and effectiveness of the obfuscation methods is conducted, alongside testing the equivalence between the obfuscated code and the source code. The experimental results show that the proposed obfuscation methods have higher practicability and reliability, and have the characteristics of high obfuscation coverage that can be stable at over 98% and preservation of compiler indicative Comments.
期刊：
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,2024年36(2):04023543 ISSN：0899-1561
通讯作者：
Dong, HW
作者机构：
[Huang, Tuo; Qin, Haoyun; Wang, Zhaoyang; Liu, Hongfu] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Zhonglu; Dong, HW; Dong, Hongwu] China Commun Construct Co CCCC First Harbor Engn, Tianjin Port Engn Inst Co Ltd, 1002 Dagu South Rd, Tianjin 300222, Peoples R China.;[Cao, Zhonglu; Dong, HW; Dong, Hongwu] China Commun Construct Co CCCC First Harbor Engn, Tianjin 300461, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Dong, HW ] C;China Commun Construct Co CCCC First Harbor Engn, Tianjin Port Engn Inst Co Ltd, 1002 Dagu South Rd, Tianjin 300222, Peoples R China.;China Commun Construct Co CCCC First Harbor Engn, Tianjin 300461, Peoples R China.
摘要：
To objectively characterize the time-temperature-stress equivalence of viscoelastic properties of asphalt mixture, the triaxial compressive creep test was carried out on an AC-13 asphalt mixture under the conditions of different temperatures and stress states in this paper and the nonlinear variation law of creep deformation was obtained. According to the characteristics of similar creep curves and the principle of time-temperature equivalence, two methods were used to shift the creep compliance under different confining pressure, temperature, and axial stress conditions, and the change of temperature and stress shift factors with confining pressure were obtained; in addition, the creep compliance principal curve was fitted by the Prony series and its principal surface was established. On this basis, the multiple stress creep recovery test under different confining pressures was conducted to measure the parameters of Schapery’s nonlinear viscoelastic model and their variation law with the triaxial stress ratio was obtained, which accurately characterized the synergistic effect of confining pressure and axial stress.
摘要：
High-temperature hazards of asphalt pavement and pollution from car exhaust are two major problems that need to be solved in road construction. In this paper, a multifunctional composite coating has been prepared from the perspective of reducing road temperature and car exhaust degradation. The principle of heat-reflecting coating is used to reduce the road surface temperature. At the same time, the TiO2 aqueous solution with photocatalytic degradation effect is added to the heat-reflective coating material to achieve the purpose of degrading automobile exhaust degradation, creating a new type of multifunctional coating that has both cooling and exhaust degradation effects. In addition, by changing the amount of carbon black, a multi-functional coating with the best coloring is selected, so that it has better functionality and has the most suitable shade for the road surface. Finally, the cooling effect and the exhaust gas reduction effect are examined through indoor and outdoor tests and the slip resistance of the coating is tested using the pendulum method. The results show that the functional coating group has a certain ability of cooling and exhaust gas degradation compared to the normal control group without coating. For the functional coating group with different carbon black content, the functional coating (G2) with 0.9% carbon black content has the strongest overall functionality. The cooling and exhaust gas reduction effects proved to be the best. The surface cooling rate is 5.4 degrees C, while the internal cooling rate is 4.3 degrees C. The cumulative degradation efficiency of CO and NO is found to be 27.77%, and 73.75%, respectively.
摘要：
This study aimed to develop a method to determine nonlinear viscoelastic properties of subgrade soil using the light weight deflectometer (LWD) test. Firstly, a constitutive model was developed to accurately characterize the nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of subgrade soil. A User-Defined Material Subroutine (UMAT) was coded to define this constitutive model in ABAQUS, which was verified by the virtual triaxial test analysis. Secondly, a numerical model was developed to simulate the LWD test, which considered the true LWD load pattern and the constitutive nature of subgrade soil. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the viscoelastic parameters significantly affected the deflection-time history curves. Subsequently, a batch calculation program was developed via MATLAB and ABAQUS to automatically compute the dynamic responses of subgrade in the LWD test. A total of 42,057 groups of subgrade deflection data were calculated under the LWD load, covering a wide range of nonlinear viscoelastic parameters. Finally, two machine-learning approaches (i.e., artificial neural network [ANN] and convolutional neural network [CNN]) were proposed to backcalculate these viscoelastic parameters of soil from the LWD load–deflection-time history data. The results showed that the CNN approach was much more accurate than the ANN approach for the backcalculation of the nonlinear viscoelastic properties of subgrade.
摘要：
In recent years, frequent occurrences of algal blooms due to environmental changes have posed significant threats to the environment and human health. This paper analyzes the reasons of algal bloom from the perspective of environmental factors such as nutrients, temperature, light, hydrodynamics factors and others. Various commonly used algal bloom monitoring methods are discussed, including traditional field monitoring methods, remote sensing techniques, molecular biology-based monitoring techniques, and sensor-based real-time monitoring techniques. The advantages and limitations of each method are summarized. Existing algal bloom prediction models, including traditional models and machine learning (ML) models, are introduced. Support Vector Machine (SVM), deep learning (DL), and other ML models are discussed in detail, along with their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, this paper provides an outlook on the future development of algal bloom warning techniques, proposing to combine various monitoring methods and prediction models to establish a multi-level and multi-perspective algal bloom monitoring system, further improving the accuracy and timeliness of early warning, and providing more effective safeguards for environmental protection and human health.
摘要：
A series of novel porous hydrogen-generation materials with the formulae Al-(BiO)2CO3, Al-4BiNO3(OH)2 center dot BiO(OH), and Al-Bi2(SO4)3 were synthesized by ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Their hydrogen-production properties were investigated. The results revealed that doping Al-(BiO)2CO3 in aluminium powder was the most effective for improving the hydrogen-generation performance. The hydrogen-conversion yield and maximum hydrogen-generation rate (MHGR) of the Al-(BiO)2CO3 block reached 94.9% and 384.6 mL g-1 min-1, respectively. Mechanism study indicated that (BiO)2CO3 decomposed into Bi2O3 and CO2, and the produced Bi2O3 could react with Al to produce Bi and Al2O3in situ during the SPS process. Herein, the produced CO2 could also form a large number of holes in the bulk sample under the action of sintering pressure to obtain the porous Al-(BiO)2CO3 composite. The hydrogen-generation performance of Al-(BiO)2CO3 was thus substantially enhanced under the synergistic effect of these factors. A series of novel porous hydrogen-generation materials with the formulae Al-(BiO)2CO3, Al-4BiNO3(OH)2 center dot BiO(OH), and Al-Bi2(SO4)3 were synthesized by ball milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS).
摘要：
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) can accumulate in different organs or tissues and seriously harm humans. Traditional magnetic relaxation switching (MRS) sensors have relatively low sensitivity, but are complex to use. Rapid small-trace molecule analysis in complex samples is challenging. In this study, we used a gadolinium-based metal-organic framework (Gd-MOF) and ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) assembly to develop a magnetic resonance tuning-magnetic relaxation switching (MRET-MRS) sensor to improve conventional MRS sensor sensitivity and simplify operational steps in complex samples. Importantly, the local magnetic field generated by USPIO interfered with Gd-MOF electron spin fluctuation and directly affected dipole-dipole interactions between Gd electrons and water molecules, thus rendering relaxation signal changes more sensitive. The sensitivity (0.54pgmL(-1)) was 833 times more sensitive than that of a conventional MRS sensor (0.45ngmL(-1)). Finally, a convenient one-step detection approach can be achieved by mixing antigen/antibody functionalized Gd-MOF/USPIO and target samples.
