The development of efficient nonprecious metal electrocatalysts for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) is critical to advancing sustainable hydrogen production while mitigating environmental pollution. Here, we report a trimetallic Ni2P/Fe2P/CoP heterostructured catalyst synthesized on nickel foam (NF) via a physical deposition and low-temperature phosphidation strategy. The synergistic coupling of Ni, Co, and Fe components optimizes electronic configurations, enhances urea adsorption energy, and facilitates intermediate (*COO-) desorption, while phosphorus doping promotes charge transfer and c...
