Based on the lightning damage and representative accidents in the operation of a southern town 10 kV distribution networks, the protection status and lighrning harm reason of distribution networks are comprehensive analyzed. Low insulation level of lines, lack of direct lightning protection measures, misemploying of lightning arrester and imperfect grounding, combination actions of lightning overvoltage and internal overvoltage were the main reason of high lightning trip-out rate in distribution networks. The synthesis lightning protective measures including the perfect lightning arrester inst...