With the ongoing advancement of aerospace technology, the demand for high-performance materials is rising. Phase change materials (PCMs), known for their unique thermophysical properties and versatility, offer new opportunities for breakthroughs in aerospace applications. PCMs, characterized by their low density, high energy storage density, and robust cycle stability, are ideal for aircraft lightweighting and thermal management of electronic devices. This review provides an overview of PCMs, including their mechanism, classification, preparation methods, and performance optimization. It then ...