The Volume of Fluid(VOF)method was employed to track the water-air interface,and the fluid was described using the incompressible fluid continuity equation and motion equations.A three-dimensional numerical flume was established using nested grid technology,with turbulence modeled through the RNG k-ε model,while sediment transport was based on the Van Rijn method.Using the validated numerical flume model,this study investigates the local hydrodynamic and scouring behavior of pile foundations with pile cap structures under varying flow conditio...
