作者机构：
[隆院男; 闫世雄; 蒋昌波; 李志威; 唐蓉] School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha;410114, China;[吴长山] Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha;Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee;WI
通讯机构：
[Jiang, C.] S;School of Hydraulic Engineering, China
作者机构：
[Chen, Jie; Jiang, Changbo; Wu, Zhiyuan; Long, Yuannan; Deng, Bin] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Chen, Jie; Jiang, Changbo; Wu, Zhiyuan; Long, Yuannan; Deng, Bin] Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preve, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China;[Wu, Zhiyuan] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA;[Wu, Zhiyuan; Liu, Xiaojian] Minist Water Resources, Key Lab Pearl River Estuarine Dynam & Associated, Guangzhou 510611, Guangdong, Peoples R China
通讯机构：
[Wu, Zhiyuan] C;[Wu, Zhiyuan] K;[Wu, Zhiyuan] U;[Wu, Zhiyuan] M;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China. Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preve, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China. Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA. Minist Water Resources, Key Lab Pearl River Estuarine Dynam & Associated, Guangzhou 510611, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
关键词：
sea surface salinity (SSS);saltwater intrusion;storm surge;Pearl River Estuary;COAWST modeling system
摘要：
Typhoons are major marine dynamic disasters that affect the coastal ocean areas of China. During a typhoon, the coupling dynamic factors, such as wind, waves, storm surges, and river runoff, greatly enhance the mass and energy exchange at the various interfaces of the ocean. A fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model in the South China Sea (SCS) was established based on the WRF, SWAN, and ROMS models. The variation of sea surface salinity (SSS) and ocean subsurface salinity caused by Typhoon Kai-tak (201213) was analyzed by the fully coupled model, and the basic characteristics of the response of the upper ocean to the typhoon are given in this paper. The simulation results demonstrate that the salinity of the sea surface showed a sharp change during Typhoon Kai-tak, and it changed gradually after entering the recovery period. During the passage of Typhoon Kai-tak, the disturbance caused by strong winds strengthened the mixing process of the water in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent waters. As the typhoon developed, under the influence of Ekman pumping, the mixing effect between the subsurface and the bottom and the upper water was obvious. Before the impact of Typhoon Kai-tak, the salinity had obvious stratification characteristics along the water depth. Due to the influence of the storm surge, the surface water with increased salinity was transported to the estuary, which led to an increase in the salinity of the estuary's surface water. In this condition, it is highly likely for there to be saltwater intrusion. The salinity distribution characteristics of three schemes (ROMS model only, coupled WRF-ROMS model, and fully coupled WRF-SWAN-ROMS model) were compared in this study. In the fully coupled WRF-SWAN-ROMS model, the disturbance of the bottom water was the most obvious, and the salinity value was greater than that of the coupled WRF-ROMS model, which indicates that under the influence of waves, the mixing and exchange abilities were strengthened.
摘要：
As emerging pollutants, microplastics have attracted the attention of scholars from all over the world. However, there is a lack of research on freshwater areas, even in densely populated urban areas. This study investigated eight urban lakes in Changsha, China. It was found that microplastic concentrations ranged from 2425 +/- 247.5 items/m(3) to 7050 +/- 1060.66 items/m(3) in the surface water of research areas and the maximum concentration was found in Yuejin Lake, a tourist spot in the center of the city. Anthropogenic factors are an important reason for microplastic abundance in urban lakes. The major shape of microplastics was linear and most of the microplastics were transparent. More than 89.5% of the microplastics had a size of less than 2 mm. Polypropylene was the dominant type in the studied waters. This study can provide a valuable reference for a better understanding of microplastic pollution in urban areas of China.
摘要：
The Typhoon Kai-tak that occurred in August 2012 produced strong winds, heavy rain, extreme wave, and storm surge, which also had a significant impact on the coastal areas of China and Vietnam. Studying the formation and tracking the movement mechanism of this typhoon will help reduce future coastal disasters, as well as have important scientific significance. The impact of a typhoon creates strong mass transport and energy exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean which produces a strong interaction between the wind field and the flow field. A coupled atmosphere-ocean model in the South China Sea was established based on the mesoscale atmospheric model WRF and the regional ocean model ROMS. Typhoon Kai-tak was simulated using this model. The simulation results show that the coupled WRF-ROMS model indicate high simulation accuracy with respect of storm surge in the South China Sea under the influence of Typhoon Kai-tak. The simulation results also reveal the temporal and spatial distribution of Typhoon Kai-tak's field, storm surge, and wind-induced flow fields. The spatial asymmetry and time lag in the spatial-temporal distribution of sea surface temperature during Typhoon Kai-tak have been discussed. The heat exchange at the air-sea interface was very strong under the influence of Typhoon Kai-tak, and the latent heat generated by water vapor evaporation plays a dominant role in the heat exchange at the air-sea interface, which shows that the heat carried by the vaporization of the sea surface is one of the important factors for the decrease of sea temperature under the influence of a typhoon.
作者机构：
[Long, Yuannan; Jiang, Changbo; Hu, Shixiong; Tang, Rong; Yan, Shixiong] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Long, Yuannan; Jiang, Changbo; Hu, Shixiong; Wu, Changshan] Key Lab Dongting Lake Aquat Ecoenvironm Control &, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Long, Yuannan; Jiang, Changbo; Hu, Shixiong; Wu, Changshan] Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preve, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.;[Wu, Changshan] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
通讯机构：
[Wu, Changshan] K;[Wu, Changshan] U;Key Lab Dongting Lake Aquat Ecoenvironm Control &, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preve, Changsha 410114, Hunan, Peoples R China.;Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
