摘要：
Industrial wastewater should be treated with caution due to its potential environmental risks. In this study, a polymerization-based cathode/Fe3 + /peroxydisulfate (PDS) process was employed for the first time to treat a raw coking wastewater, which can achieve simultaneous organics abatement and recovery by converting organic contaminants into separable solid organic-polymers. The results confirm that several dominant organic contaminants in coking wastewater such as phenol, cresols, quinoline and indole can be induced to polymerize by self-coupling or cross-coupling. The total chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement from coking wastewater is 46.8% and the separable organic-polymer formed from organic contaminants accounts for 62.8% of the abated COD. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) abatement of 41.9% is achieved with about 89% less PDS consumption than conventional degradation-based process. Operating conditions such as PDS concentration, Fe3 + concentration and current density can affect the COD/DOC abatement and organic-polymer yield by regulating the generation of reactive radicals. ESI-MS result shows that some organicpolymers are substituted by inorganic ions such as Cl-, Br-, I-, NH4 + , SCN- and CN-, suggesting that these inorganic ions may be involved in the polymerization. The specific consumption of this coking wastewater treatment is 27 kWh/kg COD and 95 kWh/kg DOC. The values are much lower than those of the degradation-based processes in treating the same coking
通讯机构：
[Yao, Y ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul & Environm Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Acoustic wave propagation;Multi-fluids;Weak-form meshfree method;Penalty function method;Continuity condition
摘要：
In this work, we focus on the derivation of the weak-form for meshfree methods in analyzing the time-domain acoustic wave propagation in multi-fluids. Due to the employment of meshfree shape functions not restricted to a local background cell, the continuity condition for acoustic particle velocity cannot be spontaneously satisfied, leading to inaccurate simulations of acoustic wave upon the interface. Thus, the penalty function method is utilized here in the weak-form for meshfree methods in order to cure this discontinuity issue without introducing any addition degrees of freedom. By conducting a number of numerical analyses, the numerical results obtained from a radial point interpolation meshfree method are in accord with the analytical solutions and the numerical results of bilinear and quadratic finite elements, validating the effectiveness of the weak-form derived for meshfree methods. Moreover, the numerical accuracy of the used meshfree method can surpass those of bilinear and quadratic finite elements when the same sets of nodes are employed, especially for relatively high frequencies.
摘要：
The occurrence of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in the ecosystem has received widespread attention, with research showing that their impact differs from that of conventional pollutants due to the complexity of their effect mechanisms. Constructed wetlands (CWs) as an effective wastewater treatment system using plants, substrates and biofilms can remove MPs/NPs from water bodies. MPs/NPs retained within the systems may have an impact on microorganisms, plants and other aspects of the ecological environment, thus affecting the nitrogen removal performance of CWs. Furthermore, the large specific surface area and abundant adsorption sites of MPs/NPs can result in their adsorption of coexisting environmental pollutants, heightening the potential risks posed by MPs/NPs to the ecological CWs environment. Recent studies have investigated the potential impacts of MPs/NPs on microorganisms and plants in the aquatic environments and in the soil. However, the interrelationships between MPs/NPs, microorganisms and plants in CWs and their ultimate impact on nitrogen removal are not fully understood. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the current research progress. This review evaluates the effects of MPs/NPs and MPs/NPs carrying environmental pollutants on the nitrogen-transforming microorganisms and plant growth in CWs. The effects of changes in nitrogen-transforming microbial communities and plant growth on nitrogen removal in CWs were analyzed. This paper aims to propose practical suggestions and directions for future research on CWs and their relationship with MPs/NPs by reviewing the mechanism of influence of MPs/NPs on microbial and plant nitrogen removal in CWs.
摘要：
Wave-induced radiation stress (RS), as a primary driver of ocean currents influenced by waves, plays an important role in the response of upper ocean temperatures under typhoons. Previous studies have mainly focused on wave-generated currents and coastal currents in nearshore areas. This paper incorporates the geostrophic effect into the wave-induced radiation stress of wave-current interaction, and the effect of waves on the changes in upper ocean temperature (including sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer temperature) under typhoon Nanmadol (2022) is studied. The FVCOM-SWAVE model is used to conduct a preliminary numerical study in the western Pacific Ocean. The RS with the geostrophic effect increased the horizontal and vertical components, leading to an enhancement in turbulent mixing and a decrease in SST by up to 1.0 degrees C to 1.4 degrees C, which is closer to the SST obtained by OISST remote sensing fusion observation data. In the strong divergence domain, the direction of the vortex flow exhibits a more pronounced turn to the right, accompanied by an increase in water velocity. The vertical temperature profile of the ocean shows that the water below is perturbed by the RS component of the geostrophic effect, and the depth of the mixed layer increases by about 2 m, which is closer to the depth of the mixed layer observed by the Argo floats, indirectly enhancing the vertical mass transport of the ocean. In general, this shows that RS, which takes into account geostrophic effects, enhances the effect of waves on the water below, indirectly leading to lower temperatures in the upper ocean, and the simulated results align more closely with the observed data, offering valuable insights for enhancing marine numerical forecasting accuracy.
摘要：
Buried flexible pipes are widely employed to transport water, however, its existing structural calculation methods are significantly underestimation both pipe weight and water weight. This study has developed the Spangler model and proposed an innovative calculation method for pipes using theoretical analysis, which takes into account various load effects that arise from different conditions, including empty pipe, water filling, and normal. Furthermore, the applicability of the proposed method has been extensively investigated. The results illustrate that the innovative calculation method integrates the pipe weight and water weight, and pipe deformation by this method exhibits a positive association with the pipe diameter and wall thickness, consistent with FE analysis. The proposed method demonstrates broad applicability, providing improved precision for large-diameter pipes at commonly encountered buried depths. It is imperative not to overlook the self-weight load on large-diameter and shallow-buried pipes, as induces an increased deformation up to 20%. However, the pipe weight can be ignored in cases where the pipe diameter is smaller than 1 m or a buried depth exceeds 4 m. Furthermore, the influence of water weight on pipe deformation exhibits a growing prominence as the diameters expand, resulting in an augmentation of up to 37%.
作者机构：
[Zhong, Danni; Xu, Conghao; Li, Jiangxia; Yao, Yu; Chen, Long; Peng, Erman] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul & Environm Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Xu, Conghao; Li, Jiangxia; Yao, Yu; Chen, Long] Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preven, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Sun, Ze] China Ship Sci Res Ctr, 222 East Shanshui Rd, Wuxi 214082, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Li, JX ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul & Environm Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preven, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
关键词：
South China Sea;Xisha reef islands;Extreme wave;Tropical cyclone;FVCOM
摘要：
Comprehensive research on the distribution of extreme waves in the South China Sea (SCS), particularly within the proximity of reef islands is notably scarce. This study investigates the extreme wave distributions in the SCS and the vicinity of the Xisha reef islands. Focusing on the statistical influence of tropical cyclones over a long period on extreme waves, a total of 242 TCs in SCS and 170 TCs in the vicinity of Xisha reef islands are considered and analyzed. Tests have been conducted to verify the suitability of the FVCOM modeling framework for hydrodynamic simulations in the reef islands, and then the annual/seasonal averaged and return level wave distributions from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed using the numerically simulated data based on this model. A wave hazard risk index and a TC impact factor are introduced to statistically assess TC effects on extreme wave distribution and hazard risks. The results reveal a significant increase in extreme wave height in the SCS and the Xisha reef islands under the influence of TC, with a considerable diversion of wave direction as well as the location of the shadow zone under the extreme conditions in the Xisha reef islands. Representative shallow water locations near the Xisha reef islands are further discussed to assess the TC influences on local extreme waves. The results of this study could guide engineering site selection and design, TC disaster prevention, and reef island protection in the SCS.
作者：
Schmidt, Falko;Menendez, Javier;Konietzky, Heinz;Jiang, Zhongming;Fernandez-Oro, Jesus M.;...
期刊：
Journal of Energy Storage,2024年78:110055 ISSN：2352-152X
通讯作者：
Fernández-Oro, JM
作者机构：
[Menendez, Javier] Sadim Engn, Min & Civil Dept, Oviedo 33005, Spain.;[Konietzky, Heinz] TU Bergakad Freiberg, Geotech Inst, D-09599 Freiberg, Germany.;[Jiang, Zhongming] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Fernandez-Oro, Jesus M.; Fernández-Oro, JM] Univ Oviedo, Energy Dept, Gijon 33271, Spain.;[Alvarez, Laura; Bernardo-Sanchez, Antonio] Univ Leon, Dept Min Technol Topog & Struct, Leon 24071, Spain.
通讯机构：
[Fernández-Oro, JM ] U;Univ Oviedo, Energy Dept, Gijon 33271, Spain.
关键词：
Closed coal mine;Energy storage;CAES;Underground reservoir;Feasibility study
摘要：
In this paper, four mining levels in a closed coal mine in the Asturian Central Coal Basin (NW Spain) have been selected as a case study to investigate the technical feasibility of underground compressed air energy storage systems. First, in order to determine the suitable level and type of concrete lining, a numerical model has been established to analyze the geomechanical performance considering air pressures of 6, 10, 20 and 25 MPa and three different embodiments of concrete lining. Then, another numerical model is used to study the coupled thermo-mechanical performance at level 3, considering 100 operation cycles between 6 and 10 MPa air pressure using a circular concrete lining with a 20 mm thick sealing layer. The results obtained indicate that the deformations are lower at levels 1 and 3, where the shales are located at the top of the coal seam. Deformations and tensile stresses are significantly reduced when a circular concrete lining is used. As the thermal analysis shows, temperature fluctuations are restricted to sealing layer and concrete lining and do not reach the rock mass itself. Therefore, negligible deformations are produced by the effect of temperature compared to the effect of air pressure. Maximum tensile stress and total displacements during the operation occur at the top of the mining drift and reach 9.5 MPa and 3.6 mm, respectively. A technical feasibility can be achieved using a circular concrete lining with a suitable reinforcement system.
摘要：
Microplastics (MPs) have attracted much attention in recent years, due to the difficulty of degradation and threats to ecological systems and humans. Based on the analysis of 1429 articles on MPs in soil, we found that we know little about the behavior and fate of manure-born MPs from the livestock and poultry production systems to agriculture soils. This review summarizes the analytical methods for sampling, separation, and identification and the occurrence of MPs in livestock and poultry manure, mainly based on 7 surveys related to manure-born MPs. Then, the sources, fate, and environmental risks of MPs in livestock and poultry manure are discussed. MPs, heavy metals, pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes, and persistent organic pollutants are common pollutants in livestock and poultry manure. Worse, manure-born MPs will become smaller, rougher, and more numerous and could easily form more toxic compound pollution after complicated processes of manure treatment, which seriously threatens agricultural soil safety. Finally, an outlook is offered for future research. We hope this article to attract attention to the risks of MPs in livestock and poultry manure and provide a reference for future research.
作者机构：
[Huang, Biao] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Zhou, Xuan; Deng, Le] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Disaster Prevent & Reduct Power Grid, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Wang, She] China Int Engn Consulting Co Ltd, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China.;[Zhang, Chijie; Zeng, Rong] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Zhou, X ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Disaster Prevent & Reduct Power Grid, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.
关键词：
long air gap discharge;positive leader;re-illumination;discontinuous leader propagation
摘要：
The leader propagation is one of the most important stages in long air gap discharge. The mechanism behind leader re-illumination remains unclear. In high humidity conditions (20.0-30.1 g/m(3)), we have conducted experiments of long sparks in a 10 m ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission line gap under switching impulse voltages. The positive leaders predominantly propagate discontinuously, with almost no significantly continuous propagation occurring. The leader channels are intensely luminous and each elongation segment is straight, with streamers resembling the "branch type" which differs from the "diffuse type" streamers at the front of continuous propagation leaders. The distribution of the propagation velocities is highly random (3.7-18.4 cm/mu s), and the average velocity (9.2 cm/mu s) significantly exceeds that of continuous propagation (1.5-2.0 cm/mu s). Analysis suggests that the current-velocity models suitable for continuous leader propagation do not align well with the experimental data in re-illumination mode. Based on the discharge current waveforms and optical images, it is speculated that the newly elongated leader in re-illumination mode does not evolve gradually from the stem (about 1 cm) but rather evolves overall from a thermal channel much longer than stem.
摘要：
The dredging of reef-flat sand for engineering construction is a common activity on some Asia-Pacific reef islands, which attract increasing concerns in the community of coastal hazard mitigation. Comparing to the well -studied one-dimensional horizontal (1DH) fringing reefs with excavation pit on the reef flat, little is known about such wave characteristics as sea and swell (SS) waves, infragravity (IG) waves, wave-induced setup and wave -driven current in a two-dimensional horizontal (2DH) fringing reef configuration with the reef-flat pit. To remedy this research gap, a 2DH numerical model according to a set of Boussinesq equations is proposed in this study. The 1DH form of used model is firstly verified with a wave flume experiment based on SS wave height, IG wave height and wave setup along the 1DH reef profile with and without the pit, then its 2DH form is verified by a wave basin experiment in view of both wave and mean current processes in a reef-lagoon-channel system. A comparison between 1DH and 2DH reef configurations with pit is also conducted to further validate the 2DH model. Subsequently, the model is adopted to investigate the effect of excavation pit on these wave processes, particularly for the wave-driven current, in the 2DH reef configuration. The present model is finally used to examine the influences of incident wave conditions and pit morphological features on the wave characteristics in the 2DH reef environment.
作者机构：
[Yu, Shengji; Yu, Ching-hao; An, Ruidong] Sichuan Univ, State Key Lab Hydraul & Mt River Engn, Chengdu, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Wenkang; Meng, WK] Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul & Environm Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Wenkang; Meng, WK] Key Lab Dongting Lake Aquat Ecoenvironm Control &, Changsha, Peoples R China.;[Meng, Wenkang; Meng, WK] Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preven, Changsha, Peoples R China.
通讯机构：
[Meng, WK ] C;Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Hydraul & Environm Engn, Changsha 410114, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Dongting Lake Aquat Ecoenvironm Control &, Changsha, Peoples R China.;Key Lab Water Sediment Sci & Water Disaster Preven, Changsha, Peoples R China.
关键词：
Dam-break flow;Lifting gate;Free-surface;Level set method;Volume of fluid method
摘要：
This study studies the propagation of dam-break flow on a horizontal dry bed with a lifting gate taken into consideration. The focus is placed on the development of an accurate and efficient gas/liquid/solid interaction numerical model, in which the free-surface evolution is captured using the Mass-Preserving Level Set (MPLS) method and gate motion is handled using the direct-forcing Immersed Boundary (IB) method. This numerical model is validated by experimental results in terms of free-surface profile, wave front location and water column height. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on computational costs for dam-break flow by using the present MPLS/IB model and the Coupled Level Set and Volume of Fluid (CLSVOF)/IB model proposed in Ref. [Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat 79 (2019) 104934].
摘要：
Groundwater depletion in intensively exploited aquifers of China has been widely recognized, whereas an overall examination of groundwater storage (GWS) changes over major aquifers remains challenging due to limited data and notable uncertainties. Here, we present a study to explore GWS changes over eighteen major aquifers covering an area of 1,680,000 km(2) in China using data obtained from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiments (GRACE), global models, and in-situ groundwater level observations. The analysis aims to reveal the discrepancy in annual trends, amplitudes, and phases associated with GWS changes among different aquifers. It is found that GWS changes in the studied aquifers represent a spatial pattern of 'Wet-gets-more, Dry-gets-less'. An overall decreasing trend of -4.65 +/- 0.34 km(3)/yr is observed by GRACE from 2005 to 2016, consisting of a significant (p < 0.05) increase of 47.28 +/- 3.48 km(3) in 7 aquifers and decrease of 103.56 +/- 2.4 km(3) (similar to 2.6 times the full storage capacity of the Three Gorges Reservoir) in 10 aquifers summed over the 12 years. The annual GWS normally reaches a peak in late July with an area-weighted average annual amplitude of 19 mm, showing notable discrepancy in phases and amplitudes between the losing aquifers (12 mm in middle August) in northern China and gaining aquifers (28 mm in early July) mostly in southern China. GRACE estimates are generally comparable, but can be notably different, with the results obtained from model simulations and in-situ observations at aquifer scale, with the area-weighted average correlation coefficients of 0.6 and 0.5, respectively. This study highlights different GWS changes of losing and gaining aquifers in response to coupled impacts of hydrogeology, climate and human interventions, and calls for divergent adaptions in regional groundwater management.
期刊：
Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2024年83(10):1-17 ISSN：1435-9529
通讯作者：
Yi Li
作者机构：
School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, P. R. China;Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha, China;[Jun Zhang] State Grid Hunan Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute, Changsha, China;[Dong Tang; Yi Li; Yinjiang Liu; Hao Yu; Zhongming Jiang] School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, P. R. China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
通讯机构：
[Yi Li] S;School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, P. R. China<&wdkj&>Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
关键词：
Compressed carbon dioxide energy storage;Deep aquifer;Numerical simulation;Energy efficiency;Influencing factors
摘要：
Compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology is a vital solution for managing fluctuations in renewable energy, but conventional systems face challenges like low energy density and geographical constraints. This study explores an innovative approach utilizing deep aquifer compressed carbon dioxide (CO2) energy storage to overcome these limitations. To identify the factors affecting compressed CO2 energy storage system in deep aquifers, numerical simulations using T2well/ECO2N investigate hydrodynamic and thermodynamic behaviors, focusing on the impact of aquifer properties (depth, thickness, porosity, and permeability) and operational parameters (wellbore penetration depth through the aquifer and energy storage scale) on system performance. The findings reveal notable pressure variations in both the wellbore and aquifer during system operation and the injected supercritical CO2, input by geothermal energy from the surrounding formations, contributes to high energy storage efficiency across the entire system. The impact factor analysis suggests medium aquifer depth and permeability, a storage space with high porosity, increased aquifer thickness, greater wellbore penetration depth, and larger energy storage scales contribute to the safe and efficient operation of the system.
摘要：
The existing single-use conditioning agents for dredged sediments (DS) treatment were confronted with problems such as high cost, insufficient efficiency, or potential toxicity. The study, for the first time, utilized a heterogeneous process of reduced iron (RI)/Persulfate sodium (PS) to deeply filter DS and further uncovered the potential mechanism as well as raised the application prospect. The results showed that after 120 mg/g TSS RI with 40 mg/g TSS PS treatment, the water content (WC) of DS dropped from 75.4% (Blank) to 41.6%, which is obviously lower than that of traditional flocculant-treated DS reported. Mechanistic probe indicated that the strengthened filterability of DS is likely evoked by the sulfate radical (SO42-)/hydroxyl radical (center dot OH) with the ferrous/ferric substances generated from RI/PS process. SO42-/center dot OH damaged extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) along with their major ingredients and possibly disturbed cellulate physiology of DS, which further promoted the dissociation/liberation of bound-water and strengthened a trend toward fluidization but declined the hydrophilicity and stickiness of DS. Moreover, SO42-/center dot OH may evoke the proteins conformation to unfold the hydrophobic spots, promoting the escape of untied water also. By extruding the electric-double layers and lowing the negative charge, Ferrous and/or ferric substances promotes the re-aggregation of disrupted DS particles, which potentially leads to the formation of dense & stable flocs through interaction of ferric substances with carboxyl and hydroxyl functional groups in DS, thus facilitating bound-water removal. The findings here not only deepen our understandings upon mechanisms of heterogeneous AOPs conditioning DS filterability but also offer a promising approach for DS treatment in the fields of solid waste management and water environment remediation.
关键词：
typhoon wave;upper-ocean temperature cooling;wave-induced mixing
摘要：
Wave-induced mixing can enhance vertical mixing in the upper ocean, facilitating the exchange of heat and momentum between the surface and deeper layers, thereby influencing ocean circulation and climate patterns. Building on previous research, this study proposes a wave-induced mixing parameterization scheme (referred to as EXP3) specifically designed for typhoon periods. This scheme was integrated into the fully coupled ocean–wave–atmosphere model COAWST and applied to analyze Typhoon In-Fa (2021) as a case study. The simulation results were validated against publicly available data, demonstrating a good overall match with observed phenomena. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was conducted between the EXP3 scheme, the previous scheme (EXP2) and the original model scheme (EXP1). Validation against Argo and Drifter buoy data revealed that both EXP2 and EXP3, which include wave-induced mixing effects, resulted in a decrease in the simulated mixed layer depth (MLD) and mixed layer temperature (MLT), with EXP3 showing closer alignment with the observed data. Compared to the other two experiments, EXP3 enhanced vertical motion in the ocean due to intensified wave-induced mixing, leading to increased upper-layer water divergence and upwelling, a decrease in sea surface temperature and accelerated rightward deflection of surface currents. This phenomenon not only altered the temperature structure of the ocean surface layer but also significantly impacted the regional ocean dynamics.
摘要：
The utilization of municipal sludge as a seed sludge for initiating the autotrophic nitrogen removal (ANR) process presents a challenge due to the negligible abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB). Here, a computational fluid dynamics model was used to simulate sludge volume fraction and sludge particle velocity. A high-height-to-diameter-ratio airlift inner-circulation partition bioreactor (HHAIPBR) was operated for 175 d to enrich AnAOB from municipal sludge, and the performance of the ANR process was investigated. The start-up period of HHAIPBR inoculated with municipal sludge required approximately 69 d. A high nitrogen removal performance, with a mean total nitrogen removal efficiency of 82.1%, was obtained for 1 month. The simulation results validated the presence of sludge circulation and revealed the distribution characteristics of dissolved oxygen inside the reactor, further supporting the promotion of sludge granulation via the high height-to-diameter ratio. Nitrosomonas (3.31%) of Proteobacteria and Candidatus Brocadia (6.56%) of Planctomycetota were dominant in the HHAIPBR. This study presents a viable approach for the industrial cultivation of anammox sludge and the rapid start-up of the partial nitritation-anammox system.
摘要：
High-toughness cementitious composite (HTCC) may be considered for use as a concrete lining material for underground lined rock caverns in compressed air energy storage (CAES) power stations. This experiment investigated the effect of coupled thermal-mechanical cycling on the changes in the gas permeability and pore structure of HTCC. According to the different operating conditions of CAES power stations, nine test conditions were selected with a compressive stress of 10 MPa and a temperature of 150 degrees C. The test results show that the HTCC have a peak tensile strain of up to 1.6% and an average crack width of 41 similar to 49 mu m, providing good toughness and crack control. The permeabilities of HTCC were all significantly larger after loading by thermal-mechanical coupling cycles, but the change in permeability was more sensitive to compressive stresses. When the compressive stress is lower than 7.5 MPa and the temperature is lower than 100 degrees C, the permeability of HTCC can be maintained within 10(-18) m(2) orders of magnitude after the thermal-mechanical coupling cycle, which can satisfy the requirement of CAES impermeability performance. When the compressive stress reaches 10 MPa, the HTCC's critical pore size increases, the pore size coarsens, and the permeability resistance deteriorates rapidly.
